In mathematics, an exponential sum may be a finite Fourier series (i.e. a trigonometric polynomial), or other finite sum formed using the exponential function, usually expressed by means of the function
Therefore a typical exponential sum may take the form
summed over a finite sequence of real numbers xn.
Read more about Exponential Sum: Formulation, Estimates, History, Types of Exponential Sum, Example: The Quadratic Gauss Sum
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“Without doubt God is the universal moving force, but each being is moved according to the nature that God has given it.... He directs angels, man, animals, brute matter, in sum all created things, but each according to its nature, and man having been created free, he is freely led. This rule is truly the eternal law and in it we must believe.”
—Joseph De Maistre (1753–1821)