Yellowstone Hotspot - Eruptive History

Eruptive History

• Hell's Half Acre lava field, southwestern of Idaho Falls; 3.250 ka ±0.15. (3,250 years ago)
• Shoshone lava field, North of Twin Falls, Idaho; 8.400 ka ±0.3.
• Craters of the Moon National Monument and Preserve; Great Rift of Idaho; the lava field was formed during eight eruptive episodes between about 15 and 2 ka.
  • Kings Bowl and Wapi lava fields formed about 2.250 ka.
• Yellowstone Caldera; between 70 and 150 ka; 1,000 cubic kilometers (239.9 cu mi) intracaldera rhyolitic lava flows.
  • Yellowstone Park
• Yellowstone Caldera (size: 45 x 85 km); 640 ka; VEI 8; more than 1,000 cubic kilometers (240 cu mi) of Lava Creek Tuff.
• Henry's Fork Caldera (size: 16 km wide); 1.3 Ma; VEI 7; 280 cubic kilometers (67.2 cu mi) of Mesa Falls Tuff.
  • Island Park Caldera
  • Harriman State Park
• Island Park Caldera (size: 100 x 50 km); 2.1 Ma; VEI 8; 2,450 cubic kilometers (588 cu mi) of Huckleberry Ridge Tuff.
• Heise volcanic field, Idaho:
  • Kilgore Caldera (size: 80 x 60 km); VEI 8; 1,800 cubic kilometers (432 cu mi) of Kilgore Tuff; 4.45 Ma ±0.05.
  • 4.49 Ma tuff of Heise
  • 5.37 Ma tuff of Elkhorn Springs
  • 5.51 Ma ±0.13 (Conant Creek Tuff) (but Anders (2009): 5.94 Ma)
  • 5.6 Ma; 500 cubic kilometers (120 cu mi) of Blue Creek Tuff.
  • 5.81 Ma tuff of Wolverine Creek
  • 6.27 Ma ±0.04 (Walcott Tuff).
  • 6.57 Ma tuff of Edie School
  • Blacktail Caldera (size: 100 x 60 km); 6.62 Ma ±0.03; 1,500 cubic kilometers (360 cu mi) of Blacktail Tuff.
• 7.48 Ma tuff of America Falls
• 8.75 Ma tuff of Lost River Sinks
• 9.17 Ma tuff of Kyle Canyon
• 9.34 Ma tuff of Little Chokecherry Canyon
• Twin Falls volcanic field, Twin Falls County, Idaho; 8.6 to 10 Ma.
• Picabo volcanic field, Picabo, Idaho; 10.09 Ma (Arbon Valley Tuff A) and 10.21 Ma ±0.03 (Arbon Valley Tuff B).
• Bruneau-Jarbidge volcanic field, Bruneau River/ Jarbidge River, Idaho; 10.0 to 12.5 Ma; Ashfall Fossil Beds eruption.
• Owyhee-Humboldt volcanic field, Owyhee County, Idaho, Nevada, and Oregon; around 12.8 to 13.9 Ma.
• McDermitt volcanic field, Orevada rift, McDermitt, Nevada/ Oregon (five overlapping and nested calderas; satellitic to these are two additional calderas), 20,000 km2 (7,700 sq mi):
  • Trout Creek Mountains, East of the Pueblo Mountains, Whitehorse Caldera (size: 15 km wide), Oregon; 15 Ma; 40 cubic kilometers (10 cu mi) of Whitehorse Creek Tuff.
  • Jordan Meadow Caldera, (size: 10–15 km wide); 15.6 Ma; 350 cubic kilometers (84 cu mi) Longridge Tuff member 2-3.
  • Longridge Caldera, (size: 33 km wide); 15.6 Ma; 400 cubic kilometers (96 cu mi) Longridge Tuff member 5.
  • Calavera Caldera, (size: 17 km wide); 15.7 Ma; 300 cubic kilometers (72 cu mi) of Double H Tuff.
  • Trout Creek Mountains, Pueblo Caldera (size: 20 x 10 km), Oregon; 15.8 Ma; 40 cubic kilometers (10 cu mi) of Trout Creek Mountains Tuff.
  • Hoppin Peaks Caldera, 16 Ma; Hoppin Peaks Tuff.
  • Washburn Caldera, (size: 30 x 25 km wide), Oregon; 16.548 Ma; 250 cubic kilometers (60 cu mi) of Oregon Canyon Tuff.
• Yellowstone hotspot (?), Lake Owyhee volcanic field; 15.0 to 15.5 Ma.
• Yellowstone hotspot (?), Northwest Nevada volcanic field, Virgin Valley, High Rock, Hog Ranch, and unnamed calderas; West of the Pine Forest Range, Nevada; 15.5 to 16.5 Ma; Tuffs: Idaho Canyon, Ashdown, Summit Lake, and Soldier Meadow.
• Columbia River Basalt Province: Yellowstone hotspot sets off a huge pulse of volcanic activity, the first eruptions were near the Oregon-Idaho-Washington border. Columbia River and Steens flood basalts, Pueblo, and Malheur Gorge-region, Pueblo Mountains, Steens Mountain, Washington, Oregon, and Idaho, USA; most vigorous eruptions were from 14 to 17 Ma; 180,000 cubic kilometers (43,184 cu mi) of lava.
  • Columbia River flood basalts, 175,000 cubic kilometers (41,985 cu mi)
  • Steens flood basalts, 65,000 cubic kilometers (15,594 cu mi)
• Crescent volcanics, Olympic Peninsula/ southern Vancouver Island, 50-60 Ma.
  • Siletz River Volcanics, Oregon Coast Range, a sequence of basaltic pillow lavas.
• Carmacks Group, Yukon, 63,000 square kilometers (24,324 sq mi), 70 Ma.