Biography
Jerjer married Hong Taiji, ruler of the Later Jin Dynasty, on 28 May 1614 and became his official spouse even though she was not his first wife. She was promoted to the status of Empress in 1636 when the Later Jin Dynasty was renamed to the Qing Dynasty, which replaced the Ming Dynasty in China. Two of Jerjer's nieces, Bumbutai and Harjol, were also married to Hong Taiji as well.
After the death of Hong Taiji in 1643, Jerjer was granted the title of "Mother Empress, Empress Dowager" (母后皇太后) by the Shunzhi Emperor, Hong Taiji's son and successor. Shunzhi's birth mother, Bumbutai (Empress Dowager Xiaozhuang) was elevated to the status of "Holy Mother, Empress Dowager" (聖母皇太后).
Jerjer died in 1649 at the age of 50, and was interred in the Zhaoling Mausoleum in Shenyang. She was posthumously granted the title of Empress Xiaoduanwen. Her posthumous title was subsequently extended to Empress Xiaoduanzhengjingrenyizheshuncixizhuangminfutianxieshengwen (孝端正敬仁懿哲順慈僖庄敏輔天協聖文皇后) during the reigns of the Yongzheng and Qianlong emperors.
Read more about this topic: Xiao Duan Wen
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