Other Spectroscopic Methods Using The Same Principle
It is also possible to create a characteristic secondary X-ray emission using other incident radiation to excite the sample:
- electron beam: electron microprobe (or Castaing microprobe);
- ion beam: particle induced X-ray emission (PIXE).
When radiated by an X-ray beam, the sample also emits other radiations that can be used for analysis:
- electrons ejected by the photoelectric effect: X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), also called electron spectroscopy for chemical analysis (ESCA)
The de-excitation also ejects Auger electrons, but Auger electron spectroscopy (AES) normally uses an electron beam as the probe.
Confocal microscopy X-ray fluorescence imaging is a newer technique that allow control over depth, in addition to horizontal and vertical aiming, for example, when analysing buried layers in a painting.
Read more about this topic: X-ray Fluorescence
Famous quotes containing the words methods and/or principle:
“With a generous endowment of motherhood provided by legislation, with all laws against voluntary motherhood and education in its methods repealed, with the feminist ideal of education accepted in home and school, and with all special barriers removed in every field of human activity, there is no reason why woman should not become almost a human thing. It will be time enough then to consider whether she has a soul.”
—Crystal Eastman (1881–1928)
“As in an icicle the agnostic abides alone. The vital principle is taken out of all endeavor for improving himself or bettering his fellows. All hope in the grand possibilities of life are blasted.”
—Anna Julia Cooper (1859–1964)