Working Memory

Working memory is the system that actively holds multiple pieces of transitory information in the mind for execution of verbal and nonverbal tasks — such as reasoning and comprehension — and makes them available for further information-processing. It is not the same as short term memory. Working memory tasks require monitoring (i.e. manipulation of information or behaviors) as part of completing goal-directed actions in the setting of interfering processes and distractions. The cognitive processes needed to achieve this include the executive and attention control of short-term memory, which permit interim integration, processing, disposal, and retrieval of information. These processes are sensitive to age: working memory is associated with cognitive development, and research shows that its capacity tends to decline with old age. Working memory is a theoretical concept central both to cognitive psychology and neuroscience. In addition, neurological studies demonstrate a link between working memory and learning and attention.

Theories exist both regarding the theoretical structure of working memory and the role of specific parts of the brain involved in working memory. Research identifies the frontal cortex, parietal cortex, anterior cingulate, and parts of the basal ganglia as crucial. The neural basis of working memory has been derived from lesion experiments in animals and functional imaging upon humans.

Read more about Working Memory:  History, Theories, Capacity, Development, Training, Neural Maintenance, Learning, Attention, Research

Famous quotes containing the words working and/or memory:

    Behind every working woman is an enormous pile of unwashed laundry.
    Barbara Dale (b. 1940)

    Remember thee?
    Ay, thou poor ghost, whiles memory holds a seat
    In this distracted globe. Remember thee?
    Yea, from the table of my memory
    I’ll wipe away all trivial fond records,
    All saws of books, all forms, all pressures past
    That youth and observation copied there,
    And thy commandment all alone shall live
    Within the book and volume of my brain,
    William Shakespeare (1564–1616)