Definition
The name is sometimes a misnomer, as the peak period often lasts more than one hour and the "rush" refers to volume of traffic, not rate of flow. Typically, rush hour is 6–10 am (06:00–10:00) and 4–7 pm (16:00–19:00). Some places may experience another, less frantic, lunchtime rush hour from noon till 2 pm (14:00). However, some less-advanced cities such as Cleveland define it differently and stop running rush-hour trains at 6:00, thereby stranding any workers downtown.
The frequency of public transport is usually higher in the rush hour, and longer trains, or larger vehicles are often employed. However, the increase in capacity is often less than the number of passengers, due to the limits on available vehicles, staff and, in the case of rail transport, track capacity including platform length. The resulting crowding may force many passengers to stand, and others may be unable to board. This can make public transport less attractive, leading to higher car use, partly shifting the congestion to roads.
Transport demand management, such as road pricing or a congestion charge, is designed to induce people to alter their travel habits so as to minimize congestion. Similarly, public transport fares may be higher; this is usually presented as an off peak discount for single fares, though season tickets or multi-ride tickets, commonly used in rush hours by commuters, are sold at a discount.
Staggered hours have been promoted as a means of spreading demand across a longer time span, for example in Rush Hour (1941 film) and by the International Labour Office.
Read more about this topic: Rush Hour
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