Distribution
It is an important part of the mediterranean bush or dwarf vegetation, to which often it gives name (Maquis, Maquis shrubland, Coscojar, Garrigue, Carrascal, Chaparral, Scrubland, etc); The garrigue habitat is sometimes replacing other oak's habitat when oaks are burned, cutted, felled or degraded. Quercus coccifera form monospecific communities or communities integrated with Pinus, mediterranean buckthorns, Myrtus, Arecaceae, junipers, Pistacia, Rosmarinus, Thymus etc.
It is located for almost all the Mediterranean Sea coast, especially in west and southern and eastern halves, missing almost always on elevated and inland regions, with the exception of the semi-arid interior of the Ebro Valley (200 m above sea level) where it is the dominant species. Very scattered and separated populations on the coast of the Mediterranean Sea mostly from Portugal, Northern Africa to Turkey. In Italy in some islands and the southernest tip: the Taranto peninsula. In the Mediterranean Islands, Dalmatians, Balears, Sardinia, Sicily, Creta, Chipre and lesser Greek islands (not in Corcega). It is common in Crete and can survive heavy sheep and goat grazing for long periods as a ground carpet a few centimeters high. The same in islands of Mallorca, Ibiza and the Iberian peninsula.
It is called ChĂȘne des Garrigues (Garrigue oak) in French.
The term garrigue; comes from Catalan or Occitan for Garric (meaning twisted) the name for Quercus coccifera in those languages.
The spanish language term chaparro, meaning stunted comes from the Basque (Txaparro) with the same meaning. Its common spanish name chaparro, refers to its small size, a feature it shares with others species in their habitat, and Mediterranean climate not related species in other parts of the world, such as the chaparral communities from various parts of the Americas.
Read more about this topic: Quercus Coccifera
Famous quotes containing the word distribution:
“There is the illusion of time, which is very deep; who has disposed of it? Mor come to the conviction that what seems the succession of thought is only the distribution of wholes into causal series.”
—Ralph Waldo Emerson (18031882)
“In this distribution of functions, the scholar is the delegated intellect. In the right state, he is, Man Thinking. In the degenerate state, when the victim of society, he tends to become a mere thinker, or, still worse, the parrot of other mens thinking.”
—Ralph Waldo Emerson (18031882)
“My topic for Army reunions ... this summer: How to prepare for war in time of peace. Not by fortifications, by navies, or by standing armies. But by policies which will add to the happiness and the comfort of all our people and which will tend to the distribution of intelligence [and] wealth equally among all. Our strength is a contented and intelligent community.”
—Rutherford Birchard Hayes (18221893)