Application
Quaternion algebras are applied in number theory, particularly to quadratic forms. They are concrete structures that generate the elements of order two in the Brauer group of F. (For some fields, including algebraic number fields, every element of index 2 in its Brauer group is represented by a quaternion algebra. A theorem of Merkurjev says the elements of index 2 in the Brauer group of any field are represented by a tensor product of quaternion algebras.) In particular, over p-adic fields the construction of quaternion algebras can be viewed as the quadratic Hilbert symbol of local class field theory.
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