A literary technique (also, literary device, procedure or method) is any element or the entirety of elements a writer intentionally uses in the structure of their work. Examples include an identifiable rule of thumb, a convention, a literary motif, an organization that is employed in literature and storytelling, or the absence of them. In the context of a play or motion picture, literary techniques or devices are referred to as dramatic.
"Literary techniques" is a catch-all term that may be distinguished from the term "devices".
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“Criticism occupies the lowest place in the literary hierarchy: as regards form, almost always; and as regards moral value, incontestably. It comes after rhyming games and acrostics, which at least require a certain inventiveness.”
—Gustave Flaubert (18211880)
“The mere mechanical technique of acting can be taught, but the spirit that is to give life to lifeless forms must be born in a man. No dramatic college can teach its pupils to think or to feel. It is Nature who makes our artists for us, though it may be Art who taught them their right mode of expression.”
—Oscar Wilde (18541900)