Example
Consider a sodium cation, a fluorine anion, and a neutral neon atom. Each has 10 electrons, and the number of nonvalence electrons is 2 (10 total electrons - 8 valence) but the effective nuclear charge varies because each has a different atomic number:
So, the sodium cation has the largest effective nuclear charge, and thus the smallest atomic radius.
Read more about this topic: Effective Nuclear Charge
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