Union Royale Belge des Sociétés de Football Association ASBL v Jean-Marc Bosman (1995) C-415/93 (known as the "Bosman ruling") is a 1995 European Court of Justice decision concerning freedom of movement for workers, freedom of association, and direct effect of article 39 (formerly 48) of the EC Treaty. The case was an important decision on the free movement of labour and had a profound effect on the transfers of football players within the EU. The case banned restrictions of foreign EU members within the national leagues and allowed professional football players in the European Union (EU) to move freely to another club at the end of their term of contract with their present team.
The ruling was made in a consolidation of three separate legal cases, all involving Belgian player Jean-Marc Bosman:
- Belgian Football Association v Jean-Marc Bosman
- R.F.C. de Liège v Jean-Marc Bosman and others
- UEFA v Jean-Marc Bosman
Read more about Bosman Ruling: Facts, Judgment, Significance
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