BGP Router Connectivity and Learning Routes
In the simplest arrangement all routers within a single AS and participating in BGP routing must be configured in a full mesh: each router must be configured as peer to every other router. This causes scaling problems, since the number of required connections grows quadratically with the number of routers involved. To alleviate the problem, BGP implements two options: route reflectors (RFC 4456) and confederations (RFC 5065). The following discussion of basic UPDATE processing assumes a full IBGP mesh.
Read more about this topic: Border Gateway Protocol
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