Zabdiel Sampson (August 22, 1781 - July 19, 1828) was a U.S. Representative from Massachusetts. Born in Plympton, Massachusetts, Sampson pursued classical studies and graduated from Brown University in 1803. He studied law, was admitted to the bar and commenced practice in Plymouth.
Sampson was elected as a Democratic-Republican to the Fifteenth and Sixteenth Congresses and served from March 4, 1817, to July 26, 1820 when he resigned. He was appointed collector of customs in Plymouth, July 26, 1820, and served until his death there July 19, 1828. He was interred in Burial Hill Cemetery.