Z Scale - Drawbacks

Drawbacks

Due to the small size of Z scale and, in particular, the low weight of the locomotives (a small Z scale engine can weigh as little as 20 g (0.71 oz), it can be challenging to ensure reliable operation. In particular, the track must be kept clean, as minuscule particles of dust, dirt, or corrosion can easily stop locomotives. Poorly-installed trackwork can be a source of consistent derailing of rolling stock (although this is true, to some extent, in any scale). All of this can create issues for modellers who are interested in prototype operations – in particular, switching.

The low weight of Z scale locomotives contributes to their difficulty pulling trains up grades. In practice, the grade should be kept rather moderate, so, for trains of reasonable length (up to 6-7, four-axle cars for each locomotive), a two-percent grade is about the maximum for reliable operation - for shorter trains, it is possible to go up to four-percent grades. Pulling power of locomotives can be increased by use of traction tires, or adding weight, but, due to the limited internal space available, it is vital that the weighting material have as high a density as possible; tungsten powder (used in metal golf club driver heads) and lead are popular choices.

The smaller market for Z scale results in a limited range of available products both for rolling stock and accessories—with cottage industries meeting some of the demand.