Yuri Anatolievich Ovchinnikov (Russian: Юрий Анатольевич Овчинников; 2 August 1934 – 17 February 1988) was a Soviet bioorganic chemist. He was the youngest vice president of the Soviet Academy of Sciences (1971-1988) and a member of Central Committee of CPSU. Ovchinnikov was director of Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry in Moscow. He was a leading proponent of using molecular biology and genetics for creating new types of biological weapons.