Writing System
Sakha is written using the Cyrillic script: the modern Sakha alphabet, established in 1939 by the Soviet Union, consists of the usual Russian characters but with 5 additional letters: Ҕҕ, Ҥҥ, Өө, Һһ, Үү.
Сахалыы сурук-бичигэ Saxalii suruk-bichige (Sakha alphabet)
| Letter | Name | IPA | Note | Official Latin |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| А а | а | /a/ | A a | |
| Б б | бэ | /b/ | B b | |
| В в | вэ | /v/ | found only in Russian loanwords | V v |
| Г г | гэ | /ɡ/ | G g | |
| Ҕ ҕ | ҕэ | /ɣ, ʁ/ | G‘ g‘ | |
| Д д | дэ | /d/ | D d | |
| Дь дь | дьэ | /ɟ/ | D‘ d‘ | |
| Е е | е | /e, je/ | found only in Russian loanwords | Ye ye or e |
| Ё ё | ё | /jo/ | found only in Russian loanwords | Yo yo |
| Ж ж | жэ | /ʒ/ | found only in Russian loanwords | J j |
| З з | зэ | /z/ | found only in Russian loanwords | Z z |
| И и | и | /i/ | I i | |
| Й й | йот | /j, ȷ̃/ | Nasalization of the glide is not indicated in the orthography | Y y |
| К к | ка | /k, q/ | K k or Q q | |
| Л л | эл | /l/ | L l | |
| М м | эм | /m/ | M m | |
| Н н | эн | /n/ | N n | |
| Ҥ ҥ | эҥ | /ŋ/ | Ng ng | |
| Нь нь | эньэ | /ɲ/ | N‘ n‘ | |
| О о | о | /o/ | O o | |
| Ө ө | ө | /ø/ | O‘ o‘ | |
| П п | пэ | /p/ | P p | |
| Р р | эр | /ɾ/ | R r | |
| С с | эс | /s/ | S s | |
| Һ һ | һэ | /h/ | H h | |
| Т т | тэ | /t/ | T t | |
| У у | у | /u/ | U u | |
| Ү ү | ү | /y/ | U‘ u‘ | |
| Ф ф | эф | /f/ | found only in Russian loanwords | F f |
| Х х | ха | /x/ | X x | |
| Ц ц | цэ | /ts/ | found only in Russian loanwords | Ts ts |
| Ч ч | че | /c/ | Ch ch | |
| Ш ш | ша | /ʃ/ | found only in Russian loanwords | Sh sh |
| Щ щ | ща | /ɕː/ | found only in Russian loanwords | Shch shch |
| Ъ ъ | кытаатыннарар бэлиэ | /◌./ | found only in Russian loanwords | ' |
| Ы ы | ы | /ɯ/ | I i | |
| Ь ь | сымнатыы бэлиэтэ | /◌ʲ/ | found only in Russian loanwords | ‘ |
| Э э | э | /e/ | E e | |
| Ю ю | ю | /ju/ | found only in Russian loanwords | Yu yu |
| Я я | я | /ja/ | found only in Russian loanwords | Ya ya |
Read more about this topic: Yakut Language
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