Sir William Richard Gowers (20 March 1845 – 4 May 1915) was a British neurologist.
In 1892, Gowers was one of the founding members of the National Society for the Employment of Epileptics (now the National Society for Epilepsy), along with Sir David Ferrier and John Hughlings Jackson.
Gowers gave his name to Gowers' sign (a sign of muscular weakness), the Gowers' tract (tractus spinocerebellaris anterior) in the nervous system and Gowers' Round (the National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery's weekly case presentation and clinical teaching session).
He was the father of the civil servant and writer Sir Ernest Gowers, great-grandfather of the composer Patrick Gowers and the great-great-grandfather of mathematician Sir Timothy Gowers.