Witnesses
Sign | Name | Date | Content |
37 | Papyrus 37 | ca. 300 | fragment of Matt 26 |
38 | Papyrus Michigan | c. 300 | fragment of Acts |
48 | Papyrus 48 | 3rd | fragment of Acts 23 |
69 | Oxyrhynchus XXIV | 3rd | fragment of Luke 22 |
0171 | 4th | fragments Matt and Luke | |
(01) ﬡ | {Codex Sinaiticus} | 4th | John 1:1–8:38 |
Dea (04) | Codex Bezae | c. 400 | Gospels and Acts |
W (032) | Codex Washingtonianus | 5th | Mark 1:1–5:30 |
Dp (05) | Codex Claromontanus | 6th | Acts, CE, and Pauline Epistles |
Fp (010) | Codex Augiensis | 9th | Pauline Epistles |
Gp (012) | Codex Boernerianus | 9th | Pauline Epistles |
Other manuscripts: 25, 29 (?), 41, 066, 0177, 36, 88, 181 (Pauline epistles), 255, 257, 338, 383 (Acts), 440 (Acts), 614 (Acts), 913, 915, 917, 1108, 1245, 1518, 1611, 1739, 1836, 1874, 1898, 1912, 2138, 2298, 2412 (Acts).
Compared to the Byzantine text-type distinctive Western readings in the Gospels are more likely to be abrupt in their Greek expression. Compared to the Alexandrian text-type distinctive Western readings in the Gospels are more likely display glosses, additional details, and instances where the original passages appear to be replaced with longer paraphrases. In distinction from both Alexandrian and Byzantine texts, the Western text-type consistently omits a series of eight short phrases from verses in the Gospel of Luke; the so-called Western non-interpolations. In at least two Western texts, the Gospels appear in a variant order: Matthew, John, Luke, Mark. The Western text of the Epistles of Paul - as witnessed in the Codex Claromontanus and uncials F and G - does not share the periphrastic tendencies of the Western text in the Gospels and Acts, and it is not clear whether they should be considered to share a single text-type.
Although the Western text-type survives in relatively few witnesses, some of these are every bit as early as the earliest witnesses to the Alexandrian text type. Nevertheless, the majority of text critics consider the Western text in the Gospels to be characterised by periphrasis and expansion; and accordingly tend to prefer the Alexandrian readings. In the letters of St Paul, the counterpart Western text is more restrained, and a number of text critics regard it as the most reliable witness to the original.
Read more about this topic: Western Text-type
Famous quotes containing the word witnesses:
“You are witnesses of these things.”
—Bible: New Testament, Luke 24:48.
Resurrected Jesus to his disciples.
“The writer isnt made in a vacuum. Writers are witnesses. The reason we need writers is because we need witnesses to this terrifying century.”
—E.L. (Edgar Lawrence)
“My tendency to nervousness in my younger days, in view of the fact of a number of near relatives on both my fathers and mothers side of the house having become insane, gave some serious uneasiness. I made up my mind to overcome it.... In the cross-examination of witnesses before a crowded court-house ... I soon found I could control myself even in the worst of testing cases. Finally, in battle.”
—Rutherford Birchard Hayes (18221893)