Western European Union - Participating States

Participating States

The Western European Union had 10 member countries, 6 associate member countries, 5 observer countries and 7 associate partner countries. On 14 June 2001, then-WEU President Solana stated that there was no foreseeable reason to change the status of the non member countries in the organisation.

Member countries: (modified Brussels Treaty - 1954)

All member countries of the WEU were also members of both NATO and the European Union. These are the only nations that had full voting rights.

  • Belgium
  • France
  • Germany
  • Greece (1995)
  • Italy
  • Luxembourg
  • Netherlands
  • Portugal (1990)
  • Spain (1990)
  • United Kingdom

Observer countries: (Rome - 1992)

Observer countries were members of the European Union, but not of NATO. 1

  • Austria (1995)
  • Denmark 1
  • Finland (1995)
  • Ireland
  • Sweden (1995)

1 Denmark was an exception, being member of both. It has an opt-out from the Treaty of Maastricht (1992), so that it does not participate in the CSDP of the European Union. Thus in respect to the WEU it would have been more appropriate for it to be regarded as non-EU NATO member state (WEU associate status).

Associate member countries: (Rome - 1992)

Associate membership was created to include the European countries that were members of NATO but not of the European Union. Associate members Poland, the Czech Republic & Hungary later joined the EU.

  • Czech Republic (1999)
  • Hungary (1999)
  • Iceland
  • Norway
  • Poland (1999)
  • Turkey (1992)

Associate partner countries: (Kirchberg - 1994)

Countries that at the time were part of neither NATO nor of the EU. All of the following nations have since joined both NATO and the EU.

  • Bulgaria
  • Estonia
  • Latvia
  • Lithuania
  • Romania
  • Slovakia
  • Slovenia (1996)

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