Voivodeship of Serbia and Banat of Temeschwar - History

History

Part of a series on the
History of Vojvodina
Ancient times
  • Pannonia
    (Lower Pannonia, Pannonia Secunda)
  • Diocese of Pannonia
  • Prefecture of Illyricum
Middle Ages
  • Gepid Kingdom
  • Byzantine Pannonia
  • Domain of Kuber
  • Domain of župan Butaul
  • Voivodeship of Salan
  • Voivodeship of Glad
  • Voivodeship of Ahtum
  • Voivodeship of Sermon
  • Theme Sirmium
  • Kingdom of Syrmia of Stefan Dragutin and Stefan Vladislav II
  • Upper Syrmia of Ugrin Csák
  • Empire of Jovan Nenad
  • Voivodeship of Syrmia of Radoslav Čelnik
Modern times
  • Eyalet of Temeşvar
  • Sanjak of Syrmia
  • Sanjak of Segedin
  • Banate of Lugos and Karansebes
  • Banat of Temeswar
  • District of Potisje
  • District of Velika Kikinda
  • Serbian Vojvodina
  • Voivodeship of Serbia and Banat of Temeschwar
  • Bács-Bodrog County
  • Syrmia County
  • Torontál County
  • Temes County
  • Banat Republic
  • Banat, Bačka and Baranja
  • Danube Banovina
  • Banat (1941–1944)
  • Autonomous Province of Vojvodina (1945-1963)
  • Socialist Autonomous Province of Vojvodina (1963-1990)
  • Autonomous Province of Vojvodina

The Voivodeship was formed by a decision of the Austrian emperor in November 1849, after the Revolutions of 1848/1849. It was formed in accordance with privilege given to Serbs by the Habsburg emperor in 1691, recognizing the right of Serbs to territorial autonomy within the Habsburg Monarchy.

It consisted of the regions of Banat, Bačka and northern Syrmian municipalities of Ilok and Ruma. An Austrian governor seated in Temeschwar ruled the area, and the title of Voivode belonged to the emperor himself. The full title of the emperor was "Grand Voivod of the Voivodeship of Serbia" (German: Großwoiwode der Woiwodschaft Serbien). Even after the Voivodeship was abolished, the emperor kept this title until the end of Austro-Hungarian Monarchy in 1918.

In 1860, the Voivodeship of Serbia and Banat of Temeschwar was abolished and most of its territory (Banat and Bačka) was incorporated into the Habsburg Kingdom of Hungary, although direct Hungarian rule began only in 1867, after the Austro-Hungarian Compromise, when Kingdom of Hungary gained autonomy within newly formed Austria-Hungary. Unlike Banat and Bačka, in 1860 Syrmia was incorporated into the Kingdom of Slavonia, another separate Habsburg crown land. Kingdom of Slavonia subsequently joined with the Kingdom of Croatia forming new kingdom named Croatia-Slavonia, which made a pact with the Kingdom of Hungary in 1868, hence becoming self-governed part of the Kingdom of Hungary within Austria-Hungary.

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