Voice Leading - Principles

Principles

The four basic voice leading principles in first species according to Fux:

  1. From one perfect consonance (P1, P5, P8) to another proceed in contrary or oblique motion.
  2. From a perfect consonance to an imperfect consonance (M3, m3, M6, m6, M10, m10) proceed by similar, contrary, or oblique motion.
  3. From an imperfect consonance to a perfect consonance proceed in contrary, or oblique motion.
  4. From one imperfect consonance to another proceed in contrary, parallel, similar, or oblique motion.

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    “Syntax is the study of the principles and processes by which sentences are constructed in particular languages. Syntactic investigation of a given language has as its goal the construction of a grammar that can be viewed as a device of some sort for producing the sentences of the language under analysis.”
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