Hardware of A Standalone VoIP Phone
The overall hardware may look like a telephone or mobile phone. A VoIP phone has the following hardware components.
- Speaker/ear phone and microphone
- Key pad/touch pad to enter phone number and text (not used for ATAs).
- Display hardware to feedback user input and show caller-id/messages (not used for ATAs).
- General purpose processor (GPP) to process application messages.
- A voice engine or a digital signal processor (DSP) to process RTP messages. Some IC manufacturers provides GPP and DSP in single chip.
- ADC and DAC converters: To convert voice to digital data and vice versa.
- Ethernet or wireless network hardware to send and receive messages on data network.
- Most IP phones have an Ethernet port for a PC. This allows your computer and phone to share one data connection, routed through the phone and to the computer.
- Power source might be a battery or AC source. Some VoIP phones receive electricity from Power over Ethernet.
- Some VoIP phones include an RJ-11 port to connect the phone to the PSTN.
For wireless VoIP phones
- Battery
- Wireless network interface controller
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