Variable compression ratio is the technology to adjust internal combustion engine cylinder compression ratios on the fly. This is done to increase fuel efficiency while under varying loads. Higher loads require lower ratios to be more efficient and vice versa. Variable compression engines allow for the volume above the piston at 'Top dead centre' to be changed. For automotive use this needs to be done dynamically in response to the load and driving demands.
Read more about Variable Compression Ratio: Advantages, Production, Two-stroke Engines, Engine Designs
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—Ralph Waldo Emerson (1803–1882)