Use of Capital Punishment By Country - Abolition Chronology

Abolition Chronology

The table below lists in chronological order the 97 independent states, that are either UN members or have UN observer status, that have completely abolished the death penalty. In the hundred years following the abolishion of capital punishment by Venezuela in 1863 only 10 more countries were able to maintain abolition – although more tried but failed to prevent re-instatement after an initial abolition. From the 1960s there has been a growing momentum towards abolition worldwide. In the 1960s 4 countries abolished (a record up to that time for any decade), in the 1970s a limited momentum was achieved when 10 countries abolished, the 1980s saw a further 9 countries abolish, but it was the fall of Communism in 1989 which turned the trickle into a torrent – no fewer than 34 countries abolished in the 1990s, the individual years 1990 and 1998 are especially notable because 8 and 7 countries respectively abolished in those single years. This momentum is continuing as a further 26 countries abolished in the first decade of this century. Since 1985 there have been only two years when no country has abolished the death penalty, 1988 & 2003.

Note: Where a country has abolished, re-instated, and abolished again (e.g. Philippines, Switzerland, Portugal) only the later abolition date is included. Countries who have abolished and since reinstated (e.g. Liberia) are not included. Non-independent territories are considered to be under the jurisdiction of their parent country – which leads to unexpectedly late abolition dates for the UK, New Zealand and the Netherlands, where Jersey (UK), the Cook Is (NZ), and the Netherlands Antilles, were the last territories of those states to abolish capital punishment, and all were rather later than the more well known abolitions on the respective mainlands. Defunct countries such as the GDR (East Germany), which abolished capital punishment in 1987 but was dissolved in 1990, are also not included. References are in the continental tables above and not repeated here.

Year abolished Country Number per year Running total
1863 Venezuela 1 1
1865 San Marino 1 2
1877 Costa Rica 1 3
1903 Panama 1 4
1906 Ecuador 1 5
1907 Uruguay 1 6
1910 Colombia 1 7
1944 Iceland 1 8
1949 Germany (FR) 1 9
1956 Honduras 1 10
1962 Monaco 1 11
1966 Dominican Republic 1 12
1968 Austria 1 13
1969 Vatican City 1 14
1972 Finland 1 15
1973 Sweden 1 16
1976 Canada Portugal 2 18
1978 Denmark Solomon Islands Tuvalu 3 21
1979 Kiribati Luxembourg Nicaragua Norway 4 25
1980 Vanuatu 1 26
1981 Cape Verde France 2 28
1985 Australia 1 29
1986 Marshall Islands Federated States of Micronesia 2 31
1987 Haiti Liechtenstein 2 33
1989 Cambodia New Zealand 2 35
1990 Andorra Czech Republic Hungary Ireland Mozambique

Namibia Romania São Tomé and Príncipe

8 43
1991 Croatia Macedonia Slovenia 3 46
1992 Angola Paraguay Switzerland 3 49
1993 Guinea-Bissau Slovakia Seychelles 3 52
1994 Italy Palau 2 54
1995 Djibouti Mauritius South Africa Spain 4 58
1996 Belgium 1 59
1997 Nepal Poland 2 61
1998 Armenia Azerbaijan Bosnia and Herzegovina Bulgaria Estonia
Lithuania United Kingdom
7 68
1999 Turkmenistan 1 69
2000 Côte d'Ivoire Malta Ukraine 3 72
2001 Greece 1 73
2002 Cyprus Serbia Timor-Leste 3 76
2004 Bhutan Samoa Senegal Turkey 4 80
2005 Mexico Moldova 2 82
2006 Georgia Montenegro Philippines 3 85
2007 Albania Kyrgyzstan Rwanda 3 88
2008 Uzbekistan 1 89
2009 Argentina Burundi Togo Bolivia Russia 5 94
2010 Netherlands 1 95
2011 Gabon 1 96
2012 Latvia 1 97

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