Geography
Upper Silesia is situated on the upper Oder River, north of the Eastern Sudetes mountain range and the Moravian Gate, which form the southern border with the historic Moravia region. Within the adjacent Silesian Beskids to the east, the Vistula River rises and turns eastwards, the Biała and Przemsza tributaries mark the eastern border with Lesser Poland. In the north, Upper Silesia borders on Greater Poland, and in the west on the Lower Silesian lands, the adjacent region around Wrocław also referred to as Middle Silesia.
It is currently split into a larger Polish and the smaller Czech Silesian part, which is located within the Czech regions of Moravia-Silesia and Olomouc. The Polish Upper Silesian territory covers most of the Opole Voivodeship ("Opole Silesia"), except for the Lower Silesian counties of Brzeg and Namysłów, and the Silesian Voivodeship, except for the Lesser Polish counties of Będzin, Bielsko (eastern part), Częstochowa with the city of Częstochowa, Kłobuck, Myszków, Zawiercie and Żywiec as well as the cities of Dąbrowa Górnicza, Jaworzno and Sosnowice.
Divided Cieszyn Silesia as well as former Austrian Silesia are historical parts of Upper Silesia.
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