Network Architectures
SONET and SDH have a limited number of architectures defined. These architectures allow for efficient bandwidth usage as well as protection (i.e. the ability to transmit traffic even when part of the network has failed), and are fundamental to the worldwide deployment of SONET and SDH for moving digital traffic. Every SDH/SONET connection on the optical Physical layer uses two optical fibers, regardless of the transmission speed.
Read more about this topic: Synchronous Optical Networking
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