Simone Cantarini (12 April 1612 – 15 October 1648), also known as Simone da Pesaro, was an Italian painter and etcher of the Bolognese School of painting.
Cantarini was born in Oropezza near Pesaro, then part of the Papal States.
Initially he was a pupil of the Venetian Claudio Ridolfi and Pesarese Giovanni Giacomo Pandolfi, and then, for about 4 years (1635–1639), of Guido Reni. He soon fought with his mentor, and did not return to Bologna till after Reni had died (1642). His pictures are generally derivative. Some of his works have been mistaken for examples of Reni. Among his principal paintings are St. Anthony, at Cagli; the Magdalene, at Pesaro; the Transfiguration in the Brera Gallery, Milan; the Portrait of Guido, in the Bologna gallery; and St. Romuald, in the Casa Paolucci. His most celebrated etching is Jupiter, Neptune and Pluto, honoring the heraldic arms of Cardinal Borghese.
It is said that Cantarini's death, which took place at Verona in 1648, was occasioned by the humiliation when he was fired by the duke of Mantua when he was unable to paint a portrait. Others relate that he was poisoned by a Mantuan painter whom he had injured.
Among his pupils were Lorenzo Pasinelli, Giulio Cesare Milani, Giovanni Peruzzini, and Girolamo Rossi. He also trained Giovanni Maria Luffoli, Giovanni Venanzi, and Flaminio Torre
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