September 5 - Events

Events

• 1590 – Alexander Farnese's army forces Henry IV of France to raise the siege of Paris.
• 1661 – Fall of Nicolas Fouquet: Louis XIV Superintendent of Finances is arrested in Nantes by D'Artagnan, captain of the king's musketeers.
• 1666 – Great Fire of London ends: 10,000 buildings including St. Paul's Cathedral are destroyed, but only 6 people are known to have died.
• 1697 – War of the Grand Alliance : A French warship commanded by Captain Pierre Le Moyne d'Iberville defeated an English squadron at the Battle of Hudson's Bay.
• 1698 – In an effort to Westernize his nobility, Tsar Peter I of Russia imposes a tax on beards for all men except the clergy and peasantry.
• 1725 – Wedding of Louis XV and Maria Leszczyńska.
• 1774 – First Continental Congress assembles in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.
• 1781 – Battle of the Chesapeake in the American Revolutionary War : the British Navy is repelled by the French Navy, contributing to the British surrender at Yorktown.
• 1793 – French Revolution the French National Convention initiates the Reign of Terror.
• 1798 – Conscription is made mandatory in France by the Jourdan law.
• 1800 – Napoleon surrenders Malta to Great Britain.
• 1812 – War of 1812: The Siege of Fort Wayne begins when Chief Winamac's forces attack two soldiers returning from the fort's outhouses.
• 1816 – Louis XVIII has to dissolve the Chambre introuvable ("Unobtainable Chamber").
• 1836 – Sam Houston is elected as the first president of the Republic of Texas.
• 1839 – United Kingdom declared First Opium War on the Qing Dynasty of China.
• 1840 – Premiere of Giuseppe Verdi's Un giorno di regno at La Scala of Milan.
• 1862 – American Civil War: the Potomac River is crossed at White's Ford in the Maryland Campaign.
• 1862 – James Glaisher, pioneering meteorologist and Henry Tracey Coxwell break world record for altitude whilst collecting data in their balloon.
• 1864 – Achille François Bazaine becomes Marshall of France.
• 1877 – American Indian Wars: Oglala Sioux chief Crazy Horse is bayoneted by a United States soldier after resisting confinement in a guardhouse at Fort Robinson in Nebraska.
• 1882 – The first United States Labor Day parade is held in New York City.
• 1887 – Fire at Theatre Royal in Exeter, England killed 186
• 1905 – Russo-Japanese War: In New Hampshire, USA, the Treaty of Portsmouth, mediated by US President Theodore Roosevelt, ends the war.
• 1906 – The first legal forward pass in American football is thrown by Bradbury Robinson of St. Louis University to teammate Jack Schneider in a 22–0 victory over Carroll College (Wisconsin).
• 1914 – World War I: First Battle of the Marne begins. Northeast of Paris, the French attack and defeat German forces who are advancing on the capital.
• 1915 – The pacifist Zimmerwald Conference begins.
• 1918 – Decree "On Red Terror" is published in Russia
• 1927 – The first Oswald the Lucky Rabbit cartoon, Trolley Troubles, produced by Walt Disney, is released by Universal Pictures.
• 1932 – The French Upper Volta is broken apart between Ivory Coast, French Sudan, and Niger.
• 1937 – Spanish Civil War: Llanes falls.
• 1938 – Chile: A group of youths affiliated with the fascist National Socialist Movement of Chile are assassinated in the Seguro Obrero massacre.
• 1941 – Whole territory of Estonia is occupied by Nazi Germany.
• 1942 – World War II: Japanese high command orders withdrawal at Milne Bay, the first major Japanese defeat in land warfare during the Pacific War.
• 1943 – World War II: The 503rd Parachute Infantry Regiment lands and occupies Nazdab, near Lae in the Salamaua-Lae campaign.
• 1944 – Belgium, Netherlands and Luxembourg constitute Benelux.
• 1945 – Cold War: Igor Gouzenko, a Soviet Union embassy clerk, defects to Canada, exposing Soviet espionage in North America, signalling the beginning of the Cold War.
• 1945 – Iva Toguri D'Aquino, a Japanese-American suspected of being wartime radio propagandist Tokyo Rose, is arrested in Yokohama.
• 1948 – In France, Robert Schuman becomes President of the Council while being Foreign minister, As such, he is the negotiator of the major treaties of the end of World War II.
• 1957 – Cuba: Fulgencio Batista bombs the revolt in Cienfuegos.
• 1960 – The poet Léopold Sédar Senghor is elected as the first President of Senegal.
• 1960 – The boxer Muhammad Ali (then Cassius Clay) is awarded the gold medal for his first place in the light heavyweight boxing competition at the Olympic Games in Rome.
• 1961 – The first conference of the Non Aligned Countries is held in Belgrade.
• 1969 – My Lai Massacre: U.S. Army Lt. William Calley is charged with six specifications of premeditated murder for the death of 109 Vietnamese civilians in My Lai.
• 1970 – Vietnam War: Operation Jefferson Glenn begins: the United States 101st Airborne Division and the South Vietnamese 1st Infantry Division initiate a new operation in Thừa Thiên-Huế Province.
• 1972 – Munich Massacre: A Palestinian terrorist group called "Black September" attack and take hostage 11 Israel athletes at the Munich Olympic Games. 2 die in the attack and 9 die the following day.
• 1975 – Sacramento, California: Lynette Fromme attempts to assassinate U.S. President Gerald Ford.
• 1977 – Hanns Martin Schleyer, is kidnapped in Cologne, West Germany by the Red Army Faction and is later murdered.
• 1977 – Voyager program: Voyager 1 is launched after a brief delay.
• 1978 – Camp David Accords: Menachem Begin and Anwar Sadat begin peace process at Camp David, Maryland.
• 1980 – The St. Gotthard Tunnel opens in Switzerland as the world's longest highway tunnel at 10.14 miles (16.224 km) stretching from Göschenen to Airolo.
• 1984 – STS-41-D: The Space Shuttle Discovery lands after its maiden voyage.
• 1984 – Western Australia becomes the last Australian state to abolish capital punishment.
• 1986 – Pan Am Flight 73 with 358 people on board is hijacked at Karachi International Airport.
• 1991 – The current international treaty defending indigenous peoples, Indigenous and Tribal Peoples Convention, 1989, came into force.
• 2005 – Mandala Airlines Flight 091 crashes into a heavily populated residential area of Sumatra, Indonesia, killing 104 people on board and at least 39 persons on ground.