Robert Cecil may refer to:
- Robert Cecil, 1st Earl of Salisbury (1563–1612), statesman, spymaster and minister to Elizabeth I of England and James I of England
- Robert Cecil (MP) (1670–1716), Member of Parliament for Castle Rising 1701 and Wootton Bassett 1708–1710
- Robert Gascoyne-Cecil, 3rd Marquess of Salisbury (1830–1903), British statesman and Prime Minister
- Robert Cecil, 1st Viscount Cecil of Chelwood (1864–1958), lawyer, politician and diplomat