In mathematical finance, a risk-neutral measure, also called an equivalent martingale measure, is heavily used in the pricing of financial derivatives due to the fundamental theorem of asset pricing, which implies that in a complete market a derivative's price is the discounted expected value of the future payoff under the unique risk-neutral measure.
Read more about Risk-neutral Measure: Motivating The Use of Risk-neutral Measures, The Origin of The Risk-neutral Measure (Arrow Securities), Usage, Example 1 — Binomial Model of Stock Prices, Example 2 — Brownian Motion Model of Stock Prices
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“Like all writers, he measured the achievements of others by what they had accomplished, asking of them that they measure him by what he envisaged or planned.”
—Jorge Luis Borges (1899–1986)