Repression
The years of revolution were marked by a dramatic rise in the numbers of death sentences and executions. Different figures on the number of executions were compared by Senator Nikolai Tagantsev, and are listed in the table.
| Year | Number of executions by different accounts | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Report by Ministry of Internal Affairs Police Department to the State Duma on 19 February 1909. | Report by Ministry of War Military Justice department | Figures by Oscar Gruzenberg. | Report by Mikhail Borovitinov, assistant head of Ministry of Justice Chief Prison Administration, at the International Prison Congress in Washington, 1910. | |
| 1905 | 10 | 19 | 26 | 20 |
| 1906 | 144 | 236 | 225 | 144 |
| 1907 | 456 | 627 | 624 | 1139 |
| 1908 | 825 | 1330 | 1349 | 825 |
| Total | 1435 + 683 = 2118 | 2212 | 2235 | 2628 |
| Year | Number of executions |
|---|---|
| 1909 | 537 |
| 1910 | 129 |
| 1911 | 352 |
| 1912 | 123 |
| 1913 | 25 |
These numbers reflect only executions of civilians, and do not include a large number of summary executions by punitive army detachments and executions of military personnel that mutineed.
Peter Kropotkin also notes that official statistics did not include executions during punitive expeditions, especially in Siberia, the Caucasus, and the Baltic provinces.
By 1906 there were 4,509 political prisoners in Russian Poland, 20% of the empire's total.
Read more about this topic: Revolution Of 1905
Famous quotes containing the word repression:
“Despots play their part in the works of thinkers. Fettered words are terrible words. The writer doubles and trebles the power of his writing when a ruler imposes silence on the people. Something emerges from that enforced silence, a mysterious fullness which filters through and becomes steely in the thought. Repression in history leads to conciseness in the historian, and the rocklike hardness of much celebrated prose is due to the tempering of the tyrant.”
—Victor Hugo (1802–1885)
“People with a culture of poverty suffer much less from repression than we of the middle class suffer and indeed, if I may make the suggestion with due qualification, they often have a hell of a lot more fun than we have.”
—Brian Friel (b. 1929)
“Since the death instinct exists in the heart of everything that lives, since we suffer from trying to repress it, since everything that lives longs for rest, let us unfasten the ties that bind us to life, let us cultivate our death wish, let us develop it, water it like a plant, let it grow unhindered. Suffering and fear are born from the repression of the death wish.”
—Eugène Ionesco (b. 1912)