History
The Pannonian Sea was part of the Paratethys Sea that got separated during the later part of the Miocene Epoch (around 10 million years ago). It was connected with the Mediterranean Sea through the territory of the modern Rona Gulf, Bavaria and Vienna Basin).
Through the Đerdap Strait, the Pannonian Sea was connected to a sea in the Wallachian-Pontic Basin. During its largest geographical extent, the Pannonian Sea reached the south of modern Serbia: a gulf of the Pannonian Sea in the modern Morava river valley stretched to modern Grdelica Gulch and Vranje Depression and was connected to the Aegean Sea through the modern Preševo Valley.
The Pannonian Sea existed for about 9 million years. Its last remains disappeared in the middle of Pleistocene Epoch, about 600,000 years ago. The water of the Pannonian Sea broke through the modern Đerdap Gorge (Iron Gate) on the Danube river and flowed through the gorge leaving behind a large plain known as the Pannonian Plain. The remnants of the former islands of the Pannonian Sea are the modern Pannonian Island Mountains (Mecsek, Fruška Gora and Vršac Mountains).
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“What has history to do with me? Mine is the first and only world! I want to report how I find the world. What others have told me about the world is a very small and incidental part of my experience. I have to judge the world, to measure things.”
—Ludwig Wittgenstein (1889–1951)
“The disadvantage of men not knowing the past is that they do not know the present. History is a hill or high point of vantage, from which alone men see the town in which they live or the age in which they are living.”
—Gilbert Keith Chesterton (1874–1936)
“The whole history of civilisation is strewn with creeds and institutions which were invaluable at first, and deadly afterwards.”
—Walter Bagehot (1826–1877)