Oath of The Peach Garden

The Oath of the Peach Garden was a fictional event in Luo Guanzhong's historical novel Romance of the Three Kingdoms. In this event, Liu Bei, Guan Yu and Zhang Fei took an oath of fraternity in a ceremony amid peach blossom trees, and became sworn brothers from then on. Their goal in taking the oath was to protect the Han Dynasty from the Yellow Turban rebels. The oath bound the three men, who would later play important roles in the establishment of the state of Shu Han during the Three Kingdoms period. It is also often alluded to as a symbol of fraternal loyalty.

However, nothing in Chen Shou's Records of the Three Kingdoms (the authoritative source for the history of the Three Kingdoms period) suggests that the event actually took place, though the three men were noted to be very close to each other, to the point of sharing the same bed.

The oath, as it appears in the Wikisource translation of Romance of the Three Kingdoms/Chapter 1, was this:

When saying the names Liu Bei, Guan Yu and Zhang Fei, although the surnames are different, yet we have come together as brothers. From this day forward, we shall join forces for a common purpose: to save the troubled and to aid the endangered. We shall avenge the nation above, and pacify the citizenry below. We seek not to be born on the same day, in the same month and in the same year. We merely hope to die on the same day, in the same month and in the same year. May the Gods of Heaven and Earth attest to what is in our hearts. If we should ever do anything to betray our friendship, may heaven and the people of the earth both strike us dead.

In many other translations, only the section dealing with "dying on the selfsame day" is present. However, the three brothers do not die on the same day: Guan Yu was executed by Sun Quan in 220, Zhang Fei was assassinated by his own men in 221, and Liu Bei died of illness in 223 after his disastrous defeat at the Battle of Xiaoting a year before his death.

The oath inspired the present-day secret societies in Chinese communities, such as the Triads, to use a similar ritual when swearing in new members. "Though not born on the same day of the same month in the same year, we hope to die so" — the phrase the three brothers made during the oath — had also become popular among present-day secret society members.