The Novgorod Republic (Russian: Новгоро́дская респу́блика, Novgorodskaja respublika; ; Old Church Slavonic: Новгородскаѧ земьлѧ / Novgorodskaja zemľa) was a large medieval Russian state which stretched from the Baltic Sea to the Ural Mountains between the 12th and 15th centuries, centred on the city of Novgorod. Citizens referred to their city-state as "His Majesty (or Sovereign) Lord Novgorod the Great" (Gosudař Gospodin Velikij Novgorod), or more often as "Lord Novgorod the Great" (Gospodin Velikij Novgorod). The Republic prospered as the easternmost port of the Hanseatic League.
Read more about Novgorod Republic: History, Internal Organization, Economy, Foreign Relations, Fall of The Republic, Rulers of Novgorod
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“Paper is cheap, and authors need not now erase one book before they write another. Instead of cultivating the earth for wheat and potatoes, they cultivate literature, and fill a place in the Republic of Letters. Or they would fain write for fame merely, as others actually raise crops of grain to be distilled into brandy.”
—Henry David Thoreau (1817–1862)