The Novgorod Republic (Russian: Новгоро́дская респу́блика, Novgorodskaja respublika; ; Old Church Slavonic: Новгородскаѧ земьлѧ / Novgorodskaja zemľa) was a large medieval Russian state which stretched from the Baltic Sea to the Ural Mountains between the 12th and 15th centuries, centred on the city of Novgorod. Citizens referred to their city-state as "His Majesty (or Sovereign) Lord Novgorod the Great" (Gosudař Gospodin Velikij Novgorod), or more often as "Lord Novgorod the Great" (Gospodin Velikij Novgorod). The Republic prospered as the easternmost port of the Hanseatic League.
Read more about Novgorod Republic: History, Internal Organization, Economy, Foreign Relations, Fall of The Republic, Rulers of Novgorod
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“It is the manners and spirit of a people which preserves a republic in vigour. A degeneracy in these is a canker which soon eats to the heart of its laws and constitution.”
—Thomas Jefferson (1743–1826)