November 27 - Events

Events

• 176 – Emperor Marcus Aurelius grants his son Commodus the rank of Imperator and makes him Supreme Commander of the Roman legions.
• 395 – Rufinus, praetorian prefect of the East, is murdered by Gothic mercenaries under Gainas.
• 511 – King Clovis I dies at Paris (Lutetia) and is buried in the Abbey of St. Genevieve. The Merovingian Dynasty is continued by his four sons — Theuderic I, Chlodomer, Childebert I and Chlothar I — who divide the Frankish Kingdom and rule from the capitals at Metz, Orléans, Paris and Soissons.
• 1095 – Pope Urban II declares the First Crusade at the Council of Clermont.
• 1295 – The first elected representatives from Lancashire are called to Westminster by King Edward I to attend what later became known as "The Model Parliament".
• 1703 – The first Eddystone Lighthouse is destroyed in the Great Storm of 1703.
• 1727 – The foundation stone to the Jerusalem's Church in Berlin is laid.
• 1807 – The Portuguese Royal Family leaves Lisbon to escape from Napoleonic troops.
• 1815 – Adoption of Constitution of the Kingdom of Poland.
• 1830 – St. Catherine Laboure experiences a vision of the Blessed Virgin standing on a globe, crushing a serpent with her feet, and emanating rays of light from her hands.
• 1839 – In Boston, Massachusetts, the American Statistical Association is founded.
• 1856 – The Coup of 1856 leads to Luxembourg's unilateral adoption of a new, reactionary constitution.
• 1863 – American Civil War: Confederate cavalry leader John Hunt Morgan and several of his men escape the Ohio Penitentiary and return safely to the South.
• 1863 – American Civil War: Battle of Mine Run – Union forces under General George Meade position against troops led by Confederate General Robert E. Lee.
• 1868 – American Indian Wars: Battle of Washita River – United States Army Lieutenant Colonel George Armstrong Custer leads an attack on Cheyenne living on reservation land.
• 1886 – German judge Emil Hartwich sustains fatal injuries in a duel, which would become the background for "Effi Briest", a classic work of German literature.
• 1895 – At the Swedish-Norwegian Club in Paris, Alfred Nobel signs his last will and testament, setting aside his estate to establish the Nobel Prize after he dies.
• 1901 – The U.S. Army War College is established.
• 1912 – Spain declares a protectorate over the north shore of Morocco.
• 1924 – In New York City, the first Macy's Thanksgiving Day Parade is held.
• 1934 – Bank robber Baby Face Nelson dies in a shoot-out with the FBI.
• 1940 – In Romania, the ruling party Iron Guard arrests and executes over 60 of exiled King Carol II of Romania's aides, including former minister Nicolae Iorga.
• 1940 – World War II: At the Battle of Cape Spartivento, the Royal Navy engages the Regia Marina in the Mediterranean Sea.
• 1942 – World War II: At Toulon, the French navy scuttles its ships and submarines to keep them out of Nazi hands.
• 1944 – World War II: An explosion at a Royal Air Force ammunition dump at Fauld, Staffordshire kills seventy people.
• 1954 – Alger Hiss is released from prison after serving 44 months for perjury.
• 1963 – The Convention on the Unification of Certain Points of Substantive Law on Patents for Invention is signed at Strasbourg.
• 1963 – U.S. President Lyndon B. Johnson makes his first address to Congress as president following the assassination of John F. Kennedy five days prior.
• 1965 – Vietnam War: The Pentagon tells U.S. President Lyndon B. Johnson that if planned operations are to succeed, the number of American troops in Vietnam has to be increased from 120,000 to 400,000.
• 1968 – Penny Ann Early became the first woman to play major professional basketball, in an ABA game Kentucky Colonels vs. Los Angeles Stars.
• 1971 – The Soviet space program's Mars 2 orbiter releases a descent module. It malfunctions and crashes, but it is the first man-made object to reach the surface of Mars.
• 1973 – The Twenty-fifth Amendment: The United States Senate votes 92 to 3 to confirm Gerald Ford as Vice President of the United States (on December 6, the House confirmed him 387 to 35).
• 1975 – The Provisional IRA assassinates Ross McWhirter, after a press conference in which McWhirter had announced a reward for the capture of those responsible for multiple bombings and shootings across England.
• 1978 – In San Francisco, California, city mayor George Moscone and openly gay city supervisor Harvey Milk are assassinated by former supervisor Dan White.
• 1978 – The Kurdish party PKK is founded in the city of Riha (Urfa) in Turkey.
• 1983 – Avianca Flight 011, a Boeing 747 crashes near Madrid's Barajas Airport, killing 181.
• 1984 – Under the Brussels Agreement signed between the governments of the United Kingdom and Spain, the former agreed to enter into discussions with Spain over Gibraltar, including sovereignty.
• 1989 – Avianca Flight 203, a Boeing 727, explodes in mid-air over Colombia, killing all 107 people on board and three people on the ground. The Medellín Cartel claimed responsibility for the attack.
• 1991 – The United Nations Security Council adopts Security Council Resolution 721, leading the way to the establishment of peacekeeping operations in Yugoslavia.
• 1992 – For the second time in a year, military forces try to overthrow president Carlos Andres Perez in Venezuela.
• 1997 – Twenty-five are killed in the second Souhane massacre in Algeria.
• 1999 – The left-wing Labour Party takes control of the New Zealand government with leader Helen Clark becoming the first elected female Prime Minister in New Zealand's history.
• 2001 – A hydrogen atmosphere is discovered on the extrasolar planet Osiris by the Hubble Space Telescope, the first atmosphere detected on an extrasolar planet.
• 2004 – Pope John Paul II returns the relics of Saint John Chrysostom to the Eastern Orthodox Church.
• 2005 – The first partial human face transplant is completed in Amiens, France.
• 2006 – The Canadian House of Commons endorses Prime Minister Stephen Harper's motion to declare Quebec a nation within a unified Canada.
• 2009 – A bomb explodes on the Nevsky Express train between Moscow and Saint Petersburg, derailing it and causing 28 deaths and 96 injuries.