Ni Putes Ni Soumises (Neither Whores Nor Submissive) is a French feminist movement, founded in 2002, which has secured the recognition of the French press and the National Assembly of France. It is generally dependent on public funding. It is also the name of a book written by Fadela Amara, one of the leaders of the movement, with the help of Le Monde journalist Sylvia Zappi.
Fadela Amara was appointed as junior minister for urban policy in François Fillon's first government in May 2007. She left the government in 2010, and was named France's inspector general for social affairs in January 2011.
NPNS was set up by a group of young French women, including Samira Bellil, in response to the violence being directed at them in the suburbs (banlieues) and housing estates (cités) of cities such as Paris, Lyon and Toulouse, where rape and violence towards women have occurred at relatively high rates.
Read more about Ni Putes Ni Soumises: Goals, Early History, Criticisms