Negro American League Franchises
- Atlanta Black Crackers (1938)
- Birmingham Black Barons (1937–1938; 1940–1950)
- Chicago American Giants (1937–1950)
- Cincinnati Tigers (1937)
- Detroit Stars (1937)
- Indianapolis Athletics (1937)
- Kansas City Monarchs (1937–1950)
- Memphis Red Sox (1937–1950)
- St. Louis Stars (1937)
- Indianapolis ABC's (1938–1939)
- Jacksonville Red Caps (1938; 1941–1942) /Cleveland Bears (1939–1940)
- St. Louis Stars (II) (1939)/New Orleans-St. Louis Stars (1940–1941)/Harrisburg-St. Louis Stars (1943)
- Toledo Crawfords (1939)/Indianapolis Crawfords (1940)
- Cincinnati Buckeyes (1942)/Cleveland Buckeyes (1943–1948)/Louisville Buckeyes (1949)
- Cincinnati Clowns (1943)/Cincinnati-Indianapolis Clowns (1944–1945)/Indianapolis Clowns (1946–1950)
- Baltimore Elite Giants (1949–1950) from the Negro National League
- Houston Eagles (1949–1950) from the Negro National League
- New York Cubans (1949–1950) from the Negro National League
- Philadelphia Stars (1949–1950) from the Negro National League
Read more about this topic: Negro American League
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“Droning a drowsy syncopated tune,
Rocking back and forth to a mellow croon,
I heard a Negro play.
Down on Lenox Avenue the other night
By the pale dull pallor of an old gas light”
—Langston Hughes (1902–1967)
“It is as often a weakness in the aged to dictate to the young, as it is folly in the young to slight the warnings of the aged.”
—H., U.S. women’s magazine contributor. American Ladies Magazine, pp. 230-3 (May 1828)
“I am not impressed by the Ivy League establishments. Of course they graduate the best—it’s all they’ll take, leaving to others the problem of educating the country. They will give you an education the way the banks will give you money—provided you can prove to their satisfaction that you don’t need it.”
—Peter De Vries (b. 1910)