Defunct Ministerial Orders
The Ordre National du Mérite replaced the following ministerial and colonial orders:
- Colonial orders
- Ordre de l'Étoile d'Anjouan (1874) (Order of the Star of Anjouan)
- Ordre du Nichan El-Anouar (1887) (Order of Nishaan-e-Anuar or Order of Light)
- Ordre de l'Étoile Noire (1889) (Order of the Black Star)
- Special ministerial orders of merit
- Ordre du Mérite social (fr) (Social Order of Merit) (1936)
- Ordre de la Santé publique (Order of Public Health) (1938)
- Ordre du Mérite commercial et industriel (fr) (Order of Commercial and Industrial Merit) (1939)
- Ordre du Mérite artisanal (fr) (Order of Artisanal Merit) (1948)
- Ordre du Mérite touristique (fr) (Tourism Order of Merit) (1949)
- Ordre du Mérite combattant (fr) (Combatant's Order of Merit) (1953)
- Ordre du Mérite postal (fr) (Postal Order of Merit) (1953)
- Ordre de l'Économie nationale (fr) (Order of the National Economy) (1954)
- Ordre du Mérite sportif (fr) (Sporting Order of Merit) (1956)
- Ordre du Mérite du Travail (fr) (Order of Work Merit) (1957)
- Ordre du Mérite militaire (fr) (Order of Military Merit) (1957)
- Ordre du Mérite Civil (Civil Order of Merit) (1957)
- Ordre du Mérite Saharien (Saharan Order of Merit) (1958)
Read more about this topic: National Order Of Merit (France)
Famous quotes containing the words defunct and/or orders:
“The consciousness of being deemed dead, is next to the presumable unpleasantness of being so in reality. One feels like his own ghost unlawfully tenanting a defunct carcass.”
—Herman Melville (1819–1891)
“Punishment may make us obey the orders we are given, but at best it will only teach an obedience to authority, not a self-control which enhances our self-respect.”
—Bruno Bettelheim (20th century)