Other Kinds of Nasal Consonant
Ladefoged and Maddieson (1996) distinguish purely nasal consonants, the nasal occlusives such as m n ng in which the airflow is purely nasal, from partial nasal consonants such as prenasalized stops and prestopped nasals, which are nasal for only part of their duration, as well as from nasalized consonants, which have simultaneous oral and nasal airflow. In some languages, such as Portuguese, a nasal consonant may have occlusive and non-occlusive allophones. In general, therefore, a nasal consonant may be:
- a nasal occlusive, such as English m, n, ng
- a nasal approximant, as in Brazilian Portuguese nh
- a nasal flap, such as the nasal retroflex lateral flap in Pashto
- prenasalized stops and prestopped nasals
- a nasal click, such as Zulu nq, nx, nc
- other nasalized consonants, such as nasalized fricatives
Read more about this topic: Nasal Consonant
Famous quotes containing the word kinds:
“I reverently believe that the Maker who made us all makes everything in New England but the weather. I don’t know who makes that, but I think it must be raw apprentices in the weather-clerk’s factory who experiment and learn how.... In the spring I have counted one hundred and thirty-six different kinds of weather inside of four-and-twenty hours.”
—Mark Twain [Samuel Langhorne Clemens] (1835–1910)