Melanie Renee Schlanger OAM (born 31 August 1986 in Nambour) is an Australian freestyle swimmer. She trains at the Commercial Swimming Club under Stephan Widmar.
She was a member of the Australian 4 × 100 m freestyle relay team that won gold at the 2007 World Championships.
At the 2008 Australian Swimming Championships she qualified as a member of the 4 × 100 m and 4 × 200 m freestyle relay teams by coming third and fifth in the respective individual events.
At the Swimming at the 2008 Summer Olympics, she swam the third leg in both the heats and the final of the 4 × 100 m freestyle relay as Australia qualified sixth before claiming the bronze in the final. She swam in the heats of the 4 × 200 m freestyle relay and collected a gold when the first-choice quartet won the final in a world record time.
Schlanger anchored the 4×100 meter relay team to overcome a late surge by the Netherlands to win the gold medal for Australia, the only gold medal for the Australian swimming team at the 2012 London Olympics.