Injury
Injury of median nerve at different levels cause different syndromes:
Above the elbow
- Injury of this nerve at a level above the elbow results in loss of pronation and a reduction in flexion of the hand at the wrist.
At the elbow
- Severing the median nerve at this level or higher (at above the elbow) causes "the Blessed Hand," or "Hand of Benediction."
- Entrapment at the level of the elbow or the proximal forearm could be due to the pronator teres syndrome.
- Lesions of compression of the Median Nerve can also leads to Median Nerve Palsy
Within the forearm
- Injury to the anterior interosseous branch in the forearm causes the anterior interosseous syndrome.
At the wrist
- Injury by compression at the carpal tunnel causes carpal tunnel syndrome.
- In the hand, thenar muscles are paralyzed and will atrophy over time.
- Opposition and flexion of the thumb are lost.
- Sensory is lost:
-
- Palm - 3 1/2 Fingers
- Dorsal - Finger tips
- The thumb and index finger are arrested in adduction and hyperextension. This appearance of the hand is collectively referred as 'ape hand deformity'.
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