Mayflower Compact - Text

Text

Although the original document has been lost, three versions exist from the 17th century: printed in Mourt's Relation (1622), which was reprinted in Purchas his Pilgrimes (1625), hand written by William Bradford in his journal Of Plimoth Plantation (1646), and printed by Bradford's nephew Nathaniel Morton in New-Englands Memorial (1669). The three versions differ slightly in wording and significantly in spelling, capitalization and punctuation. William Bradford wrote the first part of Mourt's Relation, including its version of the compact, so he wrote two of the three versions. The wording of those two versions is indeed quite similar, unlike that of Morton. Bradford's hand written manuscript is kept in a vault at the State Library of Massachusetts.

Modern version
In the name of God, Amen. We, whose names are underwritten, the loyal subjects of our dread Sovereign Lord King James, by the Grace of God, of Great Britain, France, and Ireland, King, defender of the Faith, etc.

Having undertaken, for the Glory of God, and advancements of the Christian faith and honor of our King and Country, a voyage to plant the first colony in the Northern parts of Virginia, do by these presents, solemnly and mutually, in the presence of God, and one another, covenant and combine ourselves together into a civil body politic; for our better ordering, and preservation and furtherance of the ends aforesaid; and by virtue hereof to enact, constitute, and frame, such just and equal laws, ordinances, acts, constitutions, and offices, from time to time, as shall be thought most meet and convenient for the general good of the colony; unto which we promise all due submission and obedience.

In witness whereof we have hereunto subscribed our names at Cape Cod the 11th of November, in the year of the reign of our Sovereign Lord King James, of England, France, and Ireland, the eighteenth, and of Scotland the fifty-fourth, 1620.
Comparison of three 17th-century versions
1622 IN the name of God, Amen. We whose names are vnder-written, the loyall Subiects of our dread soveraigne
1646 In ye name of God Amen· We whose names are vnderwriten, the loyall subjects of our dread soueraigne
1669 In the Name of God, Amen. We whose Names are under-written, the Loyal Subjects of our dread Soveraign
1622 Lord King IAMES, by the grace of God of Great Britaine, France, and Ireland King, Defender of the Faith, &c.
1646 Lord King James by ye grace of God, of great Britaine, franc, & Ireland king, defender of ye faith, &c.
1669 Lord King James, by the grace of God of Great Britain, France and Ireland, King, Defendor of the Faith, &c.
1622 Having vnder-taken for the glory of God, and advancement of the Christian Faith, and honour of our King and Countrey,
1646 haueing vndertaken, for ye glorie of God, and aduancemente of ye Christian faith and honour of our king & countrie,
1669 Having undertaken for the glory of God, and advancement of the Christian Faith, and the Honour of our Kng and Countrey,
1622 a Voyage to plant the first Colony in the Northerne parts of VIRGINIA, doe by these presents solemnly & mutually in the
1646 a voyage to plant ye first colonie in ye Northerne parts of Virginia· doe by these presents solemnly & mutualy in ye
1669 a Voyage to plant the first Colony in the Northern parts of Virginia; Do by these Presents solemnly and mutually, in the
1622 presence of God and one of another, covenant, and combine our selues together into a civill body politike, for our better
1646 presence of God, and one of another, couenant & combine our selues togeather into a ciuill body politick; for our better
1669 presence of God and one another, Covenant and Combine our selves together into a Civil Body Politick, for our better
1622 ordering and preservation, and furtherance of the ends aforesaid; and by vertue hereof to enact, constitute, and frame
1646 ordering & preseruation & furtherance of ye ends aforesaid; and by vertue hearof, to enacte, constitute, and frame
1669 ordering and preservation, and furtherance of the ends aforesaid: and by virtue hereof do enact, constitute and frame
1622 such iust and equall Lawes, Ordinances, acts, constitutions, offices from time to time, as shall be thought most meet
1646 such just & equall lawes, ordinances, Acts, constitutions, & offices, from time to time, as shall be thought most meete
1669 such just and equal Laws, Odinances, Acts, Constitutions and Officers, from time to time, as shall be thought most meet
1622 and convenient for the generall good of the Colony: vnto which wee promise all due submission and obedience.
1646 & conuenient for ye generall good of ye colonie: vnto which we promise all due submission and obedience.
1669 and convenient for the general good of the Colony; unto which we promise all due submission and obedience.
1622 In witnesse whereof we haue here·vnder suscribed our names. Cape Cod 11. of November, in the yeare of the raigne of our
1646 In witnes wherof we haue herevnder subscribed our names at Cap-Codd ye ·11· of Nouember, in ye year of ye raigne of our
1669 In witness whereof we have hereunto subscribed our Names at Cape Cod, the eleventh of November, in the Reign of our
1622 soveraigne Lord King IAMES, of England, France, and Ireland 18. and of Scotland 54. Anno Domino 1620.
1646 soueraigne Lord king James, of England, france, & Ireland ye eighteenth and of Scotland ye fiftie fourth. Ano: Dom. ·1620·
1669 Soveraign Lord King James, of England, France and Ireland the eighteenth, and of Scotland the fifty fourth, Anno Dom. 1620.
Note All occurrences of long s, ſ or, have been replaced by modern s.
Differences in wording
Mourt (1622) Bradford (1646) Morton (1669)
and honour and honour and the honour
one of another one of another one another
to enact to enacte do enact
offices and offices and Officers
here vnder hereunder hereunto
Cape Cod 11. at Cap-Codd ye ·11· at Cape Cod the eleventh
in the yeare of the raigne in ye year of ye raigne in the Reign
18. ye eighteenth the eighteenth
54. ye fiftie fourth the fifty fourth

The 'dread sovereign' referred to in the document used the archaic definition of dread—meaning awe and reverence (for the King), not fear. Also, as noted above, the document was signed under the Old Style Julian calendar, since England did not adopt the Gregorian calendar until 1752. The Gregorian date would be November 21.

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