In Plants
The primary mating systems in plants are outcrossing (cross-fertilisation), autogamy (self-fertilisation) and apomixis (asexual reproduction without fertilisation, but only when it arising by modification of sexual function). However, mixed mating systems, in which plants use two or even all three mating systems, are not uncommon.
There are a number of models have been used to estimate the parameters of plant mating systems. The basic model is the mixed mating model, which is based on the assumption that every fertilisation is either self-fertilisation or completely random cross-fertilisation. More complex models relax this assumption; for example the effective selfing model recognises that mating may be more common between pairs of closely related plants that between pairs of distantly related plants.
Read more about this topic: Mating System
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