Comparison of Malay Varieties
A comparison of various varieties of Malay, plus three Para-Malay languages:
English = Where are you going on this bicycle? May I go with you?
| Language | Sentence | Spoken In |
| Varieties of Malay | ||
|---|---|---|
| Standard Court Malay (formal) | Ke mana engkau hendak pergi dengan kereta angin itu? Bolehkah saya ikut? |
Ancient Riau-Johor-Malacca |
| Standard Malaysian Malay (formal) | Ke manakah kamu mahu/hendak pergi dengan basikal itu? Bolehkah saya ikut? |
Malaysia |
| Standard Indonesian (formal) | Kamu akan bersepeda ke mana? Bolehkah saya ikut? |
Indonesia |
| Indonesian-Betawi (informal) | Lu mau naik sepeda ke mana? Boleh ikut nggak? |
Jakarta (Indonesia) |
| Johor/Selangor dialect | Kau nak pergi ke mane dengan basikal tu? Boleh saye ikut? |
Central and Southern States of Peninsular Malaysia including Pahang and Southern Perak |
| Bengkulu (Central Malay) | Kau ndak pergi mano kek sepedo tu? Aku bulih ikuik idak? |
Bengkulu (Indonesia) |
| Jambi dialect | Kau nak pergi ke mano naek sepedo tu? Aku biso ikut dak? |
Jambi (Indonesia) |
| Palembang dialect | Kau nak pergi ke mano naek sepedo tu? Aku pacak melok dak? |
South Sumatra (Indonesia) |
| Bangka dialect | Ka nek pergi ke mane naek ketangin tu? Ku boleh ngikut dak? |
Bangka Island (Indonesia) |
| Belitung dialect | Ikam nak pergi ke mane naek ketangin tu? Aku bisak ngikut ndak? |
Belitung Island (Indonesia) |
| Banjar Malay | Ikam/kawu handak tulak ka mana basapeda tu? Bulih kada' aku umpat? |
South Kalimantan (Indonesia), Northern Perak (Malaysia) |
| Kedah dialect | Hang nak pi mana naik gerek tu? Aku ikut buleh dak? |
Northern States of Peninsular Malaysia, Western part of Southern Thailand |
| Baling dialect | Mu nok gi mano naik gerek tu? Ku nak ikut buleh dak? |
Eastern part of Kedah (Baling, Sik and Padang Terap), Yala, Pattani, Satun |
| Terengganu dialect | Mung nok gi mane naik basikal tu? Buleh dok nok ikuk? |
Terengganu (Malaysia) |
| Kelantan dialect | Demo nok gi mano naik gerek tuh? Buleh kawe ikuk? |
Kelantan (Malaysia), Eastern part of Southern Thailand, Northern Terengganu |
| Pahang dialect | Awok nok kone naik sike tu? Boleh tok kome/koi/kas/kawan/kawas ikut? |
Entire Pahang (Malaysia) |
| Perak dialect | Mike nak ke mane naik sika tu? Teman nak ngekor buleh? |
Perak (Malaysia) |
| Penang dialect | Hang nak pi mana naik basikal tu? Aku ikut boleh tak? |
Penang and Northern Perak (Malaysia) |
| Negeri Sembilan dialect | Ekau nak poie mano nek basika tu? Den ikut bulih tak? |
Negeri Sembilan and part of Malacca |
| Brunei Malay | Kan kamana kau babiskal tu? Bulih ku ikut? |
Brunei Darussalam and Labuan |
| Sarawak Malay | Ke sine kitak maok make basikal? Boleh sik kamik ngekot? |
Sarawak (Malaysia) |
| Sabah Malay | Mana ko mo pigi sama itu beskal? Buli sia ikut ka? |
Sabah (Malaysia) |
| Pontianak dialect | Mane kitak nak pergi naik sepeda tu? Kamek bulih ikut tadak? |
West Kalimantan (Indonesia) |
| Larantuka Malay | Flores | |
| Kutai Malay | Nda pegi kemana besepeda tu ? Kawa umpat ndi ? |
East Kalimantan (Indonesia) |
| Para-Malay languages | ||
| Minangkabau | Pai kama jo kareta angin tu? Bulih indak den ikuik? |
West Sumatra, the western part of Riau and Jambi, the western coast of Aceh and North Sumatra, the northern part of Bengkulu (Indonesia), Negeri Sembilan (Malaysia) |
| Negeri Sembilan Malay | Ekau nak poie mano naik basikal tu? Boleh den ikut? |
Negeri Sembilan (Malaysia) |
| Rawa | Kao nak poie mano nek basika to? Buleh ikoiyt ko indo? |
Gopeng (Malaysia) |
Word by word comparison (based on sentences above):
| Language/dialect | Ke | Mana | Kamu | Mahu | Pergi | Dengan | Basikal | Itu | Boleh | -kah (atau tidak) | Saya | Ikut | Extra Words |
| English proximate literal translation | to | where | you | want | to go | with | bicycle | that | can/may | or not | I | follow | 1:to ride, 2:"question particle" |
| Standard Malaysian Malay (formal) | ke | mana | kamu | mahu | pergi | dengan | basikal | itu | boleh | kah | saya | ikut | -- |
| Malay language (informal) | ~omitted~ | mane | ko | nak | pegi | ngan | basikal | tu | boleh | ~omitted~ | aku | ikut | -- |
| Standard Indonesian Malay (formal) | ke | mana | kamu | mau | pergi | dengan | sepeda | itu | bisa | kah | saya | ikut | -- |
| Indonesian (informal) | ke | mana | lu | mau | ~omitted~ | ~substituted with 'naik'~ | sepeda | tu | boleh | nggak | ~omitted~ | ikut | 1:naik |
| Singapore Malay (formal) | ke | mana | awak | hendak | pergi | dengan | basikal | itu | boleh | ~omitted~ | saya | ikut | -- |
| Singapore Malay (informal) | ~omitted~ | mane | ko | nak | pegi | ngan | basikal | tu | boleh | ~omitted~ | aku | ikut | -- |
| Johor/Kuala Lumpur dialect | ke | mane | kau | nak | pergi | dengan | basikal | itu | boleh | ~omitted~ | saye | ikut | -- |
| Bengkulu dialect | ~omitted~ | mano | kau | ndak | pergi | kek | sepedo | tu | bulih | idak | aku | ikuik | -- |
| Jambi dialect | ke | mano | kau | nak | pergi | ~substituted with 'naek'~ | sepedo | tu | biso | dak | aku | ikut | 1:naek |
| Palembang dialect | ke | mano | kau | nak | pergi | ~substituted with 'naek'~ | sepedo | tu | pacak | dak | aku | melok | 1:naek |
| Bangka dialect | ke | mane | ka | nek | pergi | ~substituted with 'naek'~ | ketangin | tu | boleh | dak | ku | ngikut | 1:naek |
| Belitung dialect | ke | mane | ikam | nak | pergi | ~substituted with 'naek'~ | ketangin | tu | bisak | ndak | aku | ngikut | 1:naek |
| Banjar Malay | ka- | -mana | ikam/kawu | handak | tulak | ba- | sapeda | tu | kawa | kada' | aku | umpat | - |
| Kedah dialect | ~omitted~ | mana | hang | nak | pi | ~substituted with 'naik'~ | gerek | tu | buleh | dak | aku | ikut | 1:naik |
| Baling Dialect | ~omitted~ | mano | mu / dema | nok | gi | ~substituted with 'naik'~ | gerek | tuh | buleh | dok | ku / ambe | ikut | 1:naik |
| Terengganu dialect | ~omitted~ | mane | mung | nok | gi | ~substituted with 'naik/nge'~ | basika | tu | buleh | dok | ambe | ikut | 1:naik/getek |
| Kelantan dialect | ~omitted~ | mano | demo | nok | gi | ~substituted with 'naik/ngey'~ | basika | tuh | buleh | dok | kawe | turuk | 1:naik |
| Pahang dialect | ~omitted~ | kone | awok | nok | gi | ~substituted with 'naik/ngan'~ | sike | tu | boleh | tok | kome/koi/kas/kawan/kawas | ikut | 1:naik |
| Perak dialect | ke | mane | mike | nak | ~omitted~ | ~substituted with 'naik'~ | sika | tu | buleh | ~omitted~ | teman | ngekor | 1:naik |
| Penang dialect | ~omitted~ | mana | hang | nak | pi | ~substituted with 'naik'~ | basikal | tu | boleh | tak | aku | ikut | 1:naik |
| Brunei Malay | ka- | -mana | kau | ~omitted~ | ~omitted~ | ba- | -biskal | ~omitted~ | bulih | ~omitted~ | ku | ikut | 2:ah |
| Sarawak Malay | ke | sine | kitak | maok | ~omitted~ | make | basikal | ~omitted~ | boleh | sik | kamik | ngekot | -- |
| Sabah Malay | ~omitted~ | mana | ko | mo | pigi | sama | beskal | itu | buli | ka | sia | ikut | -- |
| Pontianak dialect | ~omitted~ | mane | kitak | nak | pergi | ~substituted with 'naik'~ | sepeda | tu | bulih | tadak | kamek | ikut | 1:naik |
| Minangkabau | ka- | -ma | kau | nio | pai | jo | kareta angin | tu | buliah | ndak | den | ikuik | -- |
| Negeri Sembilan | ~omitted~ | mano | ekau | nak | poie | ~substituted with 'naik'~ | basikal | tu | boleh | ~omitted~ | den | ikut | 1:naik |
| Rawa | ~omitted~ | mano | kao | nak | poie | ~substituted with 'nek'~ | basika | to | buleh | ko indo | ~omitted~ | ikoiyt | 1:nek |
Read more about this topic: Malay Languages
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