Users
- Argentina: Received about 30,000 M1s from the U.S. government before 1964. Some were converted to accept BM59 magazines in the 1960s.
- Brazil: Received large numbers of M1s from the U.S. government in the early 1950s. Some were converted to the 7.62x51mm NATO cartridge and to accept FN FAL magazines.
- Cambodia: Received M1 rifles from the U.S. government.
- Cuba
- Denmark - Received 69,810 M1 rifles (designated "Gevær m/50") from the U.S. government prior to 1964. Some were converted to the 7.62x51mm NATO cartridge. Also purchased 20,000 M1s from Italy. The rifle has now been phased out of service.
- Ethiopia: Received 20,700 M1 rifles from the U.S. government in the 1960s.
- France - Used by the Foreign Legion and Free French Forces. France also received 232,500 M1 rifles from the U.S. government in 1950-1964.
- West Germany: Received 46,750 M1 rifles from the U.S. government prior to 1965.
- Greece: Received 186,090 M1 and 1880 M1C/M1D rifles from the U.S. government prior to 1975. Still in use for ceremonial duties by the Presidential Guard.
- Indonesia: Received between 55,000 and 78,000 M1s and a minor number of M1Cs from the U.S. government prior to 1971; some rifles also supplied from Italy.
- Iran: Received 165,490 M1 rifles from the U.S. government prior to 1964.
- Israel: Received up to 60,000 M1 rifles from the U.S. government prior to 1975.
- Italy: Used by the army from 1945. Beretta license-built 100,000 M1s from 1950 until the adoption of the BM59 in 1959. Also received 232,000 M1s from the U.S. government between 1950 and 1970.
- Japan: Issued to the National Police Reserve. Still used by the JSDF as a ceremonial weapon.
- Jordan: Received an estimated 25,000-30,000 M1 rifles from the U.S. government prior to 1974.
- Republic of Korea: Received 296,450 M1 rifles from the U.S. government in 1964-1974.
- Laos: Received 36,270 M1 rifles from the U.S. government in 1950-1975.
- Norway: Received 72,800 M1 rifles from the U.S. government prior to 1964. Still used by the drill team of the Hans Majestet Kongens Garde.
- Pakistan: Received possibly 150,000 M1 rifles from the U.S. government prior to 1975.
- Panama
- Paraguay: Received 30,750 M1 rifles from the U.S. government prior to 1975.
- Philippines: Received 34,300 M1 and 2630 M1D rifles from the U.S. government in 1950-1975.
- Saudi Arabia: Received 34,530 M1 rifles from the U.S. government prior to 1975.
- South Vietnam: Received 220,300 M1 and 520 M1C/M1D rifles from the U.S. government in 1950-1975.
- Thailand: Received about 40,000 M1 rifles from the U.S. government prior to 1965.
- Turkey: Received 312,430 M1 rifles from the U.S. government in 1953-1970.
- United States: Standard issue rifle of the U.S. Army, Navy, Marine Corps, and Air Force from 1936 to 1963. Still in use for official military ceremonies and ROTC units.
- Uruguay
- Venezuela: Received 55,670 M1 rifles from the U.S. government prior to 1975.
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