Optimal Rectangular Code
While simple longitudinal parity can only detect errors, it can be combined with additional error control coding, such as a transverse redundancy check, to correct errors. The transverse redundancy check is stored on a dedicated "parity track".
Whenever any single bit error occurs in a transmission block of data, such two dimensional parity checking or "two-coordinate parity checking" enables the receiver to use the TRC to detect which byte the error occurred in, and the LRC to detect exactly which track the error occurred in, to discover exactly which bit is in error, and then correct that bit by flipping it.
Read more about this topic: Longitudinal Redundancy Check
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