Examples
If U is an open subset of Y equipped with the subspace topology, then the inclusion map i : U → Y is a local homeomorphism. Openness is essential here: the inclusion map of a non-open subset of Y never yields a local homeomorphism.
Let f : S1 → S1 be the map that wraps the circle around itself n times (i.e. has winding number n). This is a local homeomorphism for all non-zero n, but a homeomorphism only in the cases where it is bijective, i.e. n = 1 or -1.
It is shown in complex analysis that a complex analytic function f gives a local homeomorphism precisely when the derivative f′(z) is non-zero for all z in the domain of f. The function f(z) = zn on an open disk around 0 is not a local homeomorphism at 0 when n is at least 2. In that case 0 is a point of "ramification" (intuitively, n sheets come together there).
Read more about this topic: Local Homeomorphism
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