List of Woods - Hardwoods (angiosperms)

Hardwoods (angiosperms)

• African Zebrawood (Microberlinia brazzavillensis)
• Afzelia or Doussie (Afzelia africana)
• Agba or Tola (Gossweilerodendron balsamiferum)
• Alder (Alnus)
  • Black alder (Alnus glutinosa)
  • Red alder (Alnus rubra)
• Applewood or crabapple (Malus sylvestris)
• Ash (Fraxinus)
  • Black ash (Fraxinus nigra)
  • Blue ash (Fraxinus quadrangulata)
  • Common ash (Fraxinus excelsior)
  • Green ash (Fraxinus pennsylvanica)
  • Oregon ash (Fraxinus latifolia)
  • Pumpkin ash (F. profunda)
  • White ash (Fraxinus americana)
• Aspen (Populus)
  • Bigtooth aspen (Populus grandidentata)
  • European aspen (Populus tremula)
  • Quaking aspen (Populus tremuloides)
• Australian Red Cedar (Toona ciliata)
• Ayan or Movingui (Distemonanthus benthamianus)
• Balsa (Ochroma pyramidale)
• Basswood
  • American basswood (Tilia americana)
  • White basswood (T. heterophylla)
• Beech (Fagus)
  • European Beech (Fagus sylvatica)
  • American Beech (Fagus grandifolia)
• Birch (Betula)
  • American birches
    • Gray birch (Betula populifolia)
    • River birch (B. nigra)
    • Paper birch (Betula papyrifera)
    • Sweet birch (Betula lenta)
    • Yellow birch (B. alleghaniensis syn Betula lutea) - most common birch wood sold in N.Am.
  • European birches, also Baltic birch (N.Am.)
    • Silver birch (Betula pendula)
    • White Birch (Betula pubescens)
• Blackbean (Castanospermum australe)
• Blackgum (Nyssa sylvatica)
• Blackwood
  • Australian Blackwood also Tasmanian Blackwood (Acacia melanoxylon)
  • African Blackwood or Mpingo (Dalbergia melanoxylon)
• Bloodwood (Brosimum paraense)
• Bocote (Cordia alliodora)
• Boxelder (Acer negundo)
• Boxwood or Box (Buxus sempervirens)
• Brazilwood (Caesalpinia echinata)
• Bubinga (Guibourtia)
• Buckeye (Aesculus)
  • Common Horse-chestnut (Aesculus hippocastanum)
  • Ohio Buckeye (Aesculus glabra)
  • Yellow Buckeye (Aesculus flava syn. Aesculus octandra)
• Butternut (Juglans cinerea)
• Camphor Laurel, Camphor Tree (Cinnamomum camphora)
• Carapa (or Andiroba, Carap, Crappo, Crabwood and Santa Maria) (Carapa guianensis) .
• Catalpa (Catalpa)
• Cherry (Prunus)
  • Black cherry (Prunus serotina)
  • Red cherry (Prunus pensylvanica)
  • Wild cherry (Prunus avium)
  • "Brazilian Cherry" Not a Cherry See Jatoba below
• Chestnut (Castanea dentata)
  • Cape Chestnut (Calodendrum capense)
• Coachwood (Ceratopetalum apetalum)
• Cocobolo (Dalbergia retusa)
• Corkwood (Leitneria floridana)
• Cottonwood
  • Balsam poplar (Populus balsamifera)
  • Eastern cottonwood (Populus deltoides)
  • Plains cottonwood (Populus sargentii)
  • Swamp cottonwood (Populus heterophylla)
• Cucumbertree (Magnolia acuminata)
• Dogwood (Cornus spp.)
  • Flowering dogwood (Cornus florida)
  • Pacific dogwood (Cornus nuttallii)
• Ebony (Diospyros)
  • Andaman marble-wood (India) (Diospyros kurzii)
  • Ebène marbre (Mauritius, E. Africa) (Diospyros melanida)
  • Gabon ebony, Black ebony, African ebony (Diospyros crassiflora)
• Elm
  • American elm (Ulmus americana)
  • English elm (Ulmus procera)
  • Rock elm (Ulmus thomasii)
  • Slippery or Red elm (Ulmus rubra)
  • Wych elm (Ulmus glabra)
• Eucalyptus (See Eucalyptus)
  • Lyptus
  • White Mahogany (Eucalyptus acmenoides)
  • Brown Mallet (Eucalyptus astringens)
  • Bangalay, Southern Mahogany (Eucalyptus botryoides)
  • River Red Gum (Eucalyptus camaldulensis)
  • Karri (W. Australia) (Eucalyptus diversicolor)
  • Blue Gum, Tasmanian Blue Gum, Southern Blue Gum (Eucalyptus globulus)
  • Flooded Gum, Rose Gum (Eucalyptus grandis)
  • York Gum (Eucalyptus loxophleba)
  • Jarrah or West Australian eucalyptus (Eucalyptus marginata)
  • Tallowwood (Eucalyptus microcorys)
  • Grey Ironbark (Eucalyptus paniculata)
  • Blackbutt (Eucalyptus pilularis)
  • Tasmanian oak or Mountain ash, (Eucalyptus regnans, Eucalyptus obliqua and Eucalyptus delegatensis)
  • Red Mahogany (Eucalyptus resinifera)
  • Swamp Mahogany, Swamp Messmate (Eucalyptus robusta)
  • Blue Gum, Sydney Blue Gum (Eucalyptus saligna)
  • Ironbark (Eucalyptus sideroxylon)
  • Redwood (Eucalyptus transcontinentalis)
  • Wandoo (Eucalyptus wandoo)
• Goncalo Alves (Astronium spp.)
• Greenheart (Guyana) (Chlorocardium rodiei)
• Grenadilla (Mpingo) (Dalbergia melanoxylon)
• Gum
• Hackberry (Celtis occidentalis)
• Hickory (Carya)
  • Mockernut hickory (Carya alba)
  • Pecan (Carya illinoinensis)
  • Pignut hickory (Carya glabra)
  • Shagbark hickory (Carya ovata)
  • Shellbark hickory (Carya laciniosa)
• Hornbeam (Carpinus species)
• Hophornbeam, Eastern (Ostrya virginiana)
• Ipê or Poui (Tabebuia)
• Iroko (Milicia excelsa syn Chlorophora excelsa)
• Ironwood refers to the wood of many tree species noted for the hardness of their wood. Trees commonly known as ironwoods include:
  • Bangkirai, also known as Balau.
  • Carpinus caroliniana — also known as American hornbeam
  • Casuarina equisetifolia — Common Ironwood from Australia
  • Choricbangarpia subargentea
  • Copaifera spp.
  • Eusideroxylon zwageri
  • Guajacum officinale and Guajacum sanctum — Lignum vitae
  • Hopea odorata
  • Ipe also known as Brazilian Walnut.
  • Krugiodendron ferreum — Black Ironwood
  • Lebombo ironwood Androstachys johnsonii
  • Lyonothamnus lyonii (L. floribundus) — Catalina Ironwood
  • Mesua ferrea — also known as Rose Chestnut or Ceylon Ironwood, from Thailand, Laos, Vietnam, Cambodia
  • Olea spp. — various olive trees
  • Olneya tesota — Desert Ironwood
  • Ostrya virginiana — Hop hornbeam
  • Parrotia persica — Persian Ironwood
  • Pau ferro;Caesalpinia; also known as Leopard tree: Common Ironwood from Brazil
  • Tabebuia serratifolia — Yellow Lapacho
• Jacaranda brasiliana
• Jacarandá, Brazilian rosewood (Dalbergia nigra)
• Jacareuba, Guanandi; names of Santamaria Calophyllum brasiliense
• Jatobá (Hymenaea courbaril)
• Kingwood (wood) (Dalbergia cearensis)
• Lacewood from the Sycamore (N.Am.) or Plane(UK) trees (Platanus species)
• Laurel, California (Umbellularia californica)
• Limba (Terminalia superba)
• Lignum vitae (Guaiacum officinale and Guaiacum sanctum)
• Locust
  • Black locust or Yellow locust (Robinia pseudacacia)
  • Honey locust (Gleditsia triacanthos)
• Mahogany
  • "True" or Genuine Mahoganies
    • West Indies Mahogany, Cuban Mahogany, Jamaican Mahogany, Madeira (Swietenia mahagoni)
    • Bigleaf Mahogany, Honduras Mahogany (Swietenia macrophylla)
    • Pacific Coast Mahogany (Swietenia humilis)
  • Other timber sometimes called "Mahogany"
    • African Mahogany, Khaya
    • Chinese Mahogany (Toona sinensis)
    • Indian Mahogany, Australian Red Cedar (Toona ciliata)
    • Philippine Mahogany
• Maple (Acer)
  • Hard Maple (N.Am.)
    • Sugar maple (Acer saccharum)
    • Black maple (Acer nigrum)
  • Soft Maple (N.Am.)
    • Manitoba maple (Acer negundo)
    • Red maple (Acer rubrum)
    • Silver maple (Acer saccharinum)
  • European Maples
    • Sycamore maple (Acer pseudoplatanus)
• Marblewood (Marmaroxylon racemosum)
• Marri, Red Gum (Corymbia calophylla)
• Meranti (Shorea spp.)
• Merbau (Intsia bijuga)
• Mpingo (Grenadilla) (Dalbergia melanoxylon)
• Oak (Quercus)
  • American White Oak includes wood from any of the following species of trees:
    • Bur oak (Quercus macrocarpa)
    • White oak (Quercus alba)
    • Post oak (Quercus stellata)
    • Swamp white oak (Quercus bicolor)
    • Southern live oak (Quercus virginiana)
    • Swamp chestnut oak (Quercus michauxii)
    • Chestnut oak (Quercus prinus or Q. Montana)
    • Chinkapin oak (Quercus muhlenbergii)
    • Canyon live oak (Quercus chrysolepis)
    • Overcup oak (Quercus lyrata)
  • English oak, also French and Slavonian oak barrels (Quercus robur and sometimes Quercus petraea)
  • Red oak includes wood from any of the following species of trees:
    • Red oak (Quercus rubra)
    • Black oak (Quercus velutina)
    • Laurel oak (Quercus laurifolia)
    • Southern red oak (Quercus falcata)
    • Water oak (Quercus nigra)
    • Willow oak (Quercus phellos)
    • Nuttall's oak (Quercus texana or Q. nuttallii)
  • "Tasmanian oak"; Not an oak see Eucalyptus above
  • Australian "Silky oak"; Not an oak see Silky Oak below
• Obeche or Samba, Ayous, Arere, Wana, Abache (West Africa) (Triplochiton scleroxylon)
• Okoumé or "Gaboon" (Aucoumea klaineana)
• Olive (Olea europaea)
• Oregon Myrtle or California Bay Laurel (Umbellularia californica)
• Padauk (Pterocarpus soyauxii)
• Palisander (Dalbergia)
• Pear (Pyrus communis)
• Pernambuco is another name for Brazilwood (Caesalpinia echinata)
• Pink Ivory (Berchemia Zeyheri)
• Poplar (Populus; in N.Am., wood sold as poplar is usually Yellow-poplar — see below)
  • Balsam poplar (Populus balsamifera)
  • Black poplar (Populus nigra)
  • Hybrid poplar (Populus × canadensis)
  • Yellow poplar or Tulip (Liriodendron tulipifera)
• Purple Heart (Peltogyne or Purple Heart wood.)
• Queensland Maple (Flindersia brayleyana)
• Queensland Walnut, Australian Walnut (Endiandra palmerstonii)
• Ramin
• Redheart (Erythroxylon mexicanum)
• Redgum or Sweetgum (Liquidambar styraciflua) (for other "gums" see Eucalyptus)
• Red cedar (Toona ciliata)
• Rosewood (Dalbergia spp.)
• Sal (Shorea robusta)
• Sandalwood (Santalum)
• Santamaria (Calophyllum brasiliense)
• Sapele (Entandrophragma cylindricum)
• Sassafras (Sassafras albidum)
  • Southern Sassafras or Australian (Atherosperma moschatum)
• Satinwood (Ceylon) (Chloroxylon swietenia)
• Sheoak (Allocasuarina spp.)
• Silky Oak (Grevillea robusta) - Sold as Lacewood in North America
• Silver Wattle (Acacia dealbata)
• Snakewood
• Sourwood (Oxydendrum arboreum)
• Spanish-cedar (Cedrela odorata)
• Surian Cedar (Toona ciliata)
• American sycamore (Platanus occidentalis)
• Tambotie (Spirostachys africana)
• Teak (Tectona grandis)
• Tupelo gum (Nyssa aquatica)
• Turpentine (Syncarpia glomulifera)
• Walnut (Juglans)
  • Black Walnut (Juglans nigra)
  • Persian Walnut (Juglans regia)
  • Brazilian walnut; Not a walnut see Ipe above.
• Wenge (Millettia laurentii)
  • Panga-panga (Millettia stuhlmannii)
• Willow (Salix)
  • Black willow (Salix nigra)
  • Cricket-bat willow (Salix alba 'Coerulea')
  • White willow (Salix alba)
  • Weeping willow ('Salix babylonica)