List of Spaniards - Philosophers and Humanists

Philosophers and Humanists

• Alfonso X of Castile (1221–1284), El Sabio ("The Wise").
• Francisco de Enzinas (1518–1552), humanist and translator of the New Testament
• José Javier Gallego (born 1955), thinker, writer, critic of philosophy and history.
• Baltasar Gracián (1601–1658), author of El Criticón, influenced European philosophers such as Schopenhauer.
• Bartolomé de Las Casas (1484–1566), humanist, advocate of the rights of Native Americans.
• Salvador de Madariaga (1886–1978), humanist, co-founder of the College of Europe (1949).
• Gregorio Marañón (1887–1960), humanist and medical scientist, important intellectual of the 20th century in Spain.
• Marcelino Menéndez Pelayo (1856–1912), philologist, historian and erudite.
• Julián Marías (1914–2005), philosopher. Wrote the History of Philosophy
• Ramón Menéndez Pidal (1869–1968), philologist, historian and erudite member of Generation of '98.
• Antonio de Nebrija (1441–1522), scholar, published the first grammar of the Spanish language (Gramática Castellana, 1492), which was the first grammar produced of any Romance language.
• José Ortega y Gasset (1883–1955), philosopher, social and political thinker, author of The Revolt of the Masses (1930).
• Bernardino de Sahagún (1499–1590), Franciscan missionary, researched Nahua culture and Nahuatl language and compiled an unparalleled work in Spanish and Náhuatl.
• George Santayana (1863–1952), philosopher, taught at Harvard, author of The Sense of Beauty (1896) and The Life of Reason (1905–6).
• Fernando Savater (born 1947), philosopher and essayist, known for his writings on ethics.
• Francisco Suárez (1548–1617), one of the most influential scholastics after Thomas Aquinas.
• Miguel de Unamuno (1864–1936), existentialist writer and literary theoretician.
• Juan Luis Vives (1492–1540), prominent figure of Renaissance humanism, taught at Leuven and Oxford (while tutor to Mary Tudor).
• Xavier Zubiri (1889–1983), philosopher, critic of classical metaphysics.