- Władysław Anders, general, military commander during the Battle of Monte Cassino (1944)
- Dawid Apfelbaum, Polish Army lieutenant; commander of the Jewish Military Union (backed by Home Army) in the Warsaw Ghetto Uprising (1943)
- Krzysztof Arciszewski, general of artillery of Holland (1639), and Poland (1646).
- Józef Bem, military commander, commander-in-chief of Hungarian army (1849)
- Janusz Bokszczanin, colonel, last chief of staff of the Home Army (1944–1945)
- Jan Karol Chodkiewicz, military commander, victor from Kircholm (1605)
- Michał Czajkowski (Sadyk Pasha), (1804–86), Polish-Ukrainian commander-in-chief of an Ottoman Cossack brigade during the Crimean War (1853–56)
- Stefan Czarniecki, Field Crown Hetman of Poland (1665)
- Jan Henryk Dąbrowski, general, military commander during the Napoleonic Wars
- Jarosław Dąbrowski, military commander during the January Uprising (1863), and the Paris Commune (1871)
- Henryk Dembiński, military commander in the November Uprising and the Hungarian uprising of 1849
- Bolesław Wieniawa-Długoszowski, general, ambassador, nominated President of Poland (1939)
- Józef Dowbor-Muśnicki, general, military commander in the Greater Poland Uprising (1919)
- Bolesław Bronisław Duch, World War II general
- Jerzy Pajaczkowski-Dydynski (1894–2005), Polish soldier in World War I and in the 1920–21 Polish-Soviet War. At his death, he was the oldest man in the United Kingdom (111 years old).
- Emil August Fieldorf, general, last deputy commander-in-chief of the Home Army (1944–1945)
- Józef Haller, politician, commander of the Polish Army in France during World War I
- Stanisław Haller, general, was murdered by the NKVD in the Katyn massacre in 1940.
- Stanisław Jan Jabłonowski, Grand Crown Hetman (1682/3-1702)
- Jan Nowak-Jezioranski (1913–2005), Polish journalist and World War II hero.
- Berek Joselewicz, Polish-Jewish colonel in the Kościuszko Uprising and in Napoleon's Polish Legions; commanded the first Jewish military formation in modern history
- Mikołaj Kamieniecki, first Grand Crown Hetman of Poland (1503–1515)
- Michał Karaszewicz-Tokarzewski, general, founder of the resistance movement "Polish Victory Service" (September 27, 1939)
- Kazimierz J. Kasperek, most decorated Polish Navy officer of World War II
- Tadeusz Klimecki, general, the Chief of the General Staff of the Polish Army (1941–1943)
- Tadeusz Bór-Komorowski, general, commander-in-chief of the Home Army (1943–1944), during Warsaw Uprising (1944)
- Stanisław Koniecpolski, Grand Crown Hetman (1632–46)
- Stanisław Kopański, general, the Chief of the General Staff of the Polish Army (1943–1946).
- Tadeusz Kościuszko, Polish and American commander, general and revolutionist.
- Jan Kozietulski, colonel, commander during the Napoleonic Wars
- Wincenty Krasiński
- Włodzimierz Krzyżanowski, Polish Union general in the American Civil War
- Marian Kukiel, World War II general, historian
- Franciszek Latinik, general, military governor of Warsaw during the Battle of Warsaw
- Aleksander Lisowski, commander of 17th-century Lisowczycy.
- Jerzy Sebastian Lubomirski, Prince, Field Crown Hetman (1657–1664), victor from the Battle of Chudniv (Cudnów) (1660)
- Walenty Łukawski, captain in the Bar Confederation, abductor of King Stanisław August Poniatowski
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- Stanisław Maczek, (1892–1994), commander of the Polish Armored Division, later commander-in-chief of Polish forces in exile after World War II
- Erich von Manstein (born Fritz-Erich von Lewinski – Brochwicz coat of arms), German (Prussian) Field Marshal
- Bernard Mond, Polish—Jewish general
- Mieczyslaw Norwid-Neugebauer, general and minister from Polish—Jewish family
- Leopold Okulicki, general, last commander-in-chief of the Home Army (1944–1945)
- Juliusz Konstanty Ordon, officer in the November Uprising (1830–31)
- Tadeusz Pełczyński, chief of staff of the Home Army (ZWZ/AK) (1941–1944)
- Jadwiga Piłsudska
- Emilia Plater, Countess, heroine of the November 1830 Uprising
- Józef Poniatowski, prince, Polish general and marshal of France
- Kazimierz Pułaski (Casimir Pulaski), Polish and American military commander
- Hyman G. Rickover, U.S. Navy Admiral, Father of the Nuclear Navy
- Konstantin Rokossovsky, (born Konstanty Rokossowski) Marshal of the Soviet Union and Polish defense minister, communist
- Stefan Rowecki, general, military commander, commander-in-chief of the Union of Armed Struggle (ZWZ) (1940–1942) and Home Army (AK) (1942–1943)
- Edward Rowny, U.S. Army general
- Edward Rydz-Śmigły, marshal, military commander, successful in the Polish-Soviet War, C-i-C of the Polish Army in the Invasion of Poland (1939)
- Yitzhak Sadeh (born Isaac Landsberg; 1890-1952), a founder of the Israel Defense Forces
- John Shalikashvili, retired United States Army general
- Danuta Siedzikówna, (1928–1946), medical orderly in Polish Army
- Władysław Sikorski, general, commander-in-chief of the Polish Armed Forces and Prime Minister of Poland (1939–1943)
- Piotr Skuratowicz, general of the Polish Army, was murdered by the NKVD in the Katyn massacre
- Stanisław Sosabowski, commander of the Polish 1st Independent Parachute Brigade, which saw action at the Battle of Arnhem during Operation Market Garden (1944)
- Kazimierz Sosnkowski, general, Commander-in-Chief of Polish Armed Forces (1943–1944)
- Józef Sowiński, general, hero of the November Uprising (1830–31)
- Zygmunt Szendzielarz ("Łupaszko")
- Stanisław Szeptycki, general
- Jan Tarnowski, Grand Crown Hetman (1527–1561), victor of Obertyn (1531)
- Stanisław Tatar, general
- Józef Wybicki
- Piotr Wysocki, led the November Uprising (1830)
- Kordian Józef Zamorski, general; chief of the Polish state police (1935–39)
- Jan Zamoyski, Great Chancellor of Poland (1578–1605) and Grand Crown Hetman (1581–1605)
- Elżbieta Zawacka, general, the only woman among the Cichociemni (Silent dark ones of Polish Army)
- Stanisław Żółkiewski, chancellor of Poland, military commander, conqueror of Moscow (1610), Grand Crown Hetman (1613–1620)
- Janusz Żurakowski, World War II fighter pilot and Avro Arrow test pilot
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